Sargramostim (GM CSF)

What is Sargramostim (GM CSF)

Sargramostim is a recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). It works by promoting proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells.

Sargramostim is used as primary prophylaxis following induction therapy in older patients with acute myelogenous leukemia; for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization for collection by leukapheresis; following an autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and Hodgkin’s disease; following an allogeneic BMT from an HLA-matched related donor; and following engraftment failure or delay after an autologous or allogeneic BMT. 

Brand Name

Leukine

Indications & Dosage

  • aplastic anemia
  • chemotherapy-induced neutropenia
  • ganciclovir-induced neutropenia
  • malignant melanoma
  • myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
  • neutropenia
  • peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization
  • radiation exposure
  • zidovudine-induced neutropenia

Side Effects

  1. abdominal pain
  2. anaphylactoid reactions
  3. anemia
  4. anorexia
  5. antibody formation
  6. anxiety
  7. arthralgia
  8. asthenia
  9. bleeding
  10. bone pain
  11. capillary leak syndrome
  12. chest pain (unspecified)
  13. chills
  14. diarrhea
  15. dysphagia
  16. dyspnea
  17. elevated hepatic enzymes
  18. eosinophilia
  19. epistaxis
  20. erythema
  21. fever
  22. flushing
  23. GI bleeding
  24. headache
  25. hematemesis
  26. hyperbilirubinemia
  27. hypercholesterolemia
  28. hyperglycemia
  29. hypertension
  30. hypoalbuminemia
  31. hypomagnesemia
  32. hypotension
  33. hypoxia
  34. infusion-related reactions
  35. injection site reaction
  36. insomnia
  37. leukocytosis
  38. leukopenia
  39. malaise
  40. myalgia
  41. nausea
  42. nephrotoxicity
  43. ocular hemorrhage
  44. pericardial effusion
  45. peripheral edema
  46. pharyngitis
  47. pleural effusion
  48. prolonged bleeding time
  49. pruritus
  50. rash
  51. sinus tachycardia
  52. supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
  53. syncope
  54. thrombocytopenia
  55. thromboembolism
  56. urticaria
  57. vomiting
  58. weight gain
  59. weight loss

Monitoring Parameters

  • CBC with differential
  • platelet count

Contraindications

  • benzyl alcohol hypersensitivity
  • breast-feeding
  • cardiac arrhythmias
  • cardiac disease
  • chemotherapy
  • edema
  • heart failure
  • infusion-related reactions
  • leukemia
  • leukocytosis
  • neonates
  • pericardial effusion
  • pleural effusion
  • pregnancy
  • pulmonary disease
  • radiation therapy

Interactions

  • Azelastine; Fluticasone
  • Beclomethasone
  • Betamethasone
  • Budesonide
  • Budesonide; Formoterol
  • Ciclesonide
  • Corticosteroids
  • Corticotropin, ACTH
  • Cortisone
  • Deflazacort
  • Dexamethasone
  • Fludrocortisone
  • Flunisolide
  • Fluticasone
  • Fluticasone; Salmeterol
  • Fluticasone; Umeclidinium; Vilanterol
  • Fluticasone; Vilanterol
  • Formoterol; Mometasone
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Lithium
  • Methylprednisolone
  • Mometasone
  • Prednisolone
  • Prednisone
  • Triamcinolone
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