Hydroxyurea

Hydroxyurea Brand Names

Droxia | Hydrea | Mylocel | SIKLOS

What is Hydroxyurea

Hydroxyurea is an antimetabolite agent that inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and DNA synthesis; it does not interfere with the synthesis of ribonucleic acid or of protein.

Hydroxyurea is used in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in the chronic or blastic phases, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and polycythemia vera.

Hydroxyurea is commonly used to rapidly reduce high white blood cell counts in AML or the blastic phase of CML. Because of its radiosensitizing effects, it is used with radiation therapy to treat head and neck carcinoma.

Hydroxyurea is also approved for the management of sickle cell disease and is used off-label for psoriasis.

Indications

  1. acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
  2. chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
  3. head and neck cancer
  4. malignant glioma
  5. medulloblastoma
  6. non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
  7. polycythemia vera
  8. primitive neuroectodermal tumor
  9. psoriasis
  10. sickle cell disease
  11. thrombocytosis

For the treatment of resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Side Effects

  1. alopecia
  2. amenorrhea
  3. anemia
  4. anemia
  5. anemia
  6. anorexia
  7. asthenia
  8. azoospermia
  9. bleeding
  10. bone marrow suppression
  11. chills
  12. cholestasis
  13. constipation
  14. constipation
  15. diarrhea
  16. dizziness
  17. drowsiness
  18. dyspnea
  19. dysuria
  20. edema
  21. elevated hepatic enzymes
  22. erythema
  23. fever
  24. fever
  25. fever
  26. hallucinations
  27. headache
  28. headache
  29. headache
  30. hepatitis
  31. hyperuricemia
  32. hypomagnesemia
  33. infection
  34. infection
  35. infection
  36. infertility
  37. interstitial lung disease
  38. leukemia
  39. leukopenia
  40. lupus-like symptoms
  41. macrocytosis
  42. maculopapular rash
  43. malaise
  44. nail discoloration
  45. nausea
  46. nausea
  47. nausea
  48. neutropenia
  49. neutropenia
  50. neutropenia
  51. new primary malignancy
  52. oligospermia
  53. oral ulceration
  54. peptic ulcer
  55. pneumonitis
  56. pulmonary fibrosis
  57. radiation recall reaction
  58. rash
  59. seizures
  60. skin atrophy
  61. skin cancer
  62. skin hyperpigmentation
  63. skin ulcer
  64. stomatitis
  65. thrombocytopenia
  66. thrombocytopenia
  67. thrombocytopenia
  68. tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
  69. vomiting
  70. weight gain
  71. weight gain
  72. xerosis

Monitoring Parameters

  • CBC with differential
  • platelet count
  • pregnancy testing
  • serum creatinine/BUN

Contraindications

  • anemia
  • bone marrow suppression
  • breast-feeding
  • children
  • contraception requirements
  • geriatric
  • hepatic disease
  • human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
  • infertility
  • intrauterine fetal death
  • laboratory test interference
  • leukopenia
  • male-mediated teratogenicity
  • neutropenia
  • new primary malignancy
  • pernicious anemia
  • pregnancy
  • pregnancy testing
  • radiation therapy
  • renal disease
  • renal impairment
  • reproductive risk
  • sunlight (UV) exposure
  • thrombocytopenia
  • vaccination
  • vasculitis

Interactions

  • Abciximab
  • Alpha interferons
  • Alteplase
  • Anagrelide
  • Anticoagulants
  • Antithrombin III
  • Antithymocyte Globulin
  • Apixaban
  • Argatroban
  • Articaine; Epinephrine
  • Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole
  • Azelastine; Fluticasone
  • Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG
  • Beclomethasone
  • Betamethasone
  • Betrixaban
  • Bivalirudin
  • Budesonide
  • Budesonide; Formoterol
  • Bupivacaine
  • Bupivacaine Liposomal
  • Bupivacaine; Lidocaine
  • Carbamazepine
  • Chloroprocaine
  • Ciclesonide
  • Cilostazol
  • Clopidogrel
  • Clozapine
  • Colchicine; Probenecid
  • Corticosteroids
  • Cortisone
  • Cytarabine, ARA-C
  • Dabigatran
  • Dalteparin
  • Danaparoid
  • Deflazacort
  • Desirudin
  • Dexamethasone
  • Didanosine, ddI
  • Digoxin
  • Dipyridamole
  • Echinacea
  • Edoxaban
  • Enoxaparin
  • Eptifibatide
  • Febuxostat
  • Filgrastim, G-CSF
  • Floxuridine
  • Flucytosine
  • Fludrocortisone
  • Flunisolide
  • Fluorouracil, 5-FU
  • Fluticasone
  • Fluticasone; Salmeterol
  • Fluticasone; Umeclidinium; Vilanterol
  • Fluticasone; Vilanterol
  • Fondaparinux
  • Formoterol; Mometasone
  • Ganciclovir
  • Heparin
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Influenza Virus Vaccine
  • Interferon Alfa-2a
  • Interferon Alfa-2b
  • Interferon Alfa-2b; Ribavirin
  • Interferon Alfa-n3
  • Interferon Alfacon-1
  • Intranasal Influenza Vaccine
  • Lepirudin
  • Lidocaine
  • Lidocaine; Prilocaine
  • Live Vaccines
  • Measles Virus; Mumps Virus; Rubella Virus; Varicella Virus Vaccine, Live
  • Measles/Mumps/Rubella Vaccines, MMR
  • Mepivacaine
  • Mepivacaine; Levonordefrin
  • Methylprednisolone
  • Mometasone
  • Palifermin
  • Pegfilgrastim
  • Peginterferon Alfa-2a
  • Peginterferon Alfa-2b
  • Penicillamine
  • Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine
  • Penicillin G Procaine
  • Pentosan
  • Piroxicam
  • Platelet Inhibitors
  • Prasugrel
  • Prednisolone
  • Prednisone
  • Prilocaine
  • Prilocaine; Epinephrine
  • Probenecid
  • Reteplase, r-PA
  • Rivaroxaban
  • Ropivacaine
  • Rotavirus Vaccine
  • Rubella Virus Vaccine Live
  • Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating
  • Smallpox Vaccine, Vaccinia Vaccine
  • Stavudine, d4T
  • Streptokinase
  • Sulfinpyrazone
  • Sulindac
  • Tbo-Filgrastim
  • Tenecteplase
  • Tetracaine
  • Thrombolytic Agents
  • Ticagrelor
  • Ticlopidine
  • Tinzaparin
  • Tirofiban
  • Tolmetin
  • Triamcinolone
  • Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative, PPD
  • Typhoid Vaccine
  • Urokinase
  • Valganciclovir
  • Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine, Live
  • Vorapaxar
  • Warfarin
  • Yellow Fever Vaccine, Live
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