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Hydroxyurea Brand Names
Droxia | Hydrea | Mylocel | SIKLOS
What is Hydroxyurea
Hydroxyurea is an antimetabolite agent that inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and DNA synthesis; it does not interfere with the synthesis of ribonucleic acid or of protein.
Hydroxyurea is used in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in the chronic or blastic phases, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and polycythemia vera.
Hydroxyurea is commonly used to rapidly reduce high white blood cell counts in AML or the blastic phase of CML. Because of its radiosensitizing effects, it is used with radiation therapy to treat head and neck carcinoma.
Hydroxyurea is also approved for the management of sickle cell disease and is used off-label for psoriasis.
Indications
- acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
- chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
- head and neck cancer
- malignant glioma
- medulloblastoma
- non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
- polycythemia vera
- primitive neuroectodermal tumor
- psoriasis
- sickle cell disease
- thrombocytosis
For the treatment of resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Side Effects
- alopecia
- amenorrhea
- anemia
- anemia
- anemia
- anorexia
- asthenia
- azoospermia
- bleeding
- bone marrow suppression
- chills
- cholestasis
- constipation
- constipation
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dyspnea
- dysuria
- edema
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- erythema
- fever
- fever
- fever
- hallucinations
- headache
- headache
- headache
- hepatitis
- hyperuricemia
- hypomagnesemia
- infection
- infection
- infection
- infertility
- interstitial lung disease
- leukemia
- leukopenia
- lupus-like symptoms
- macrocytosis
- maculopapular rash
- malaise
- nail discoloration
- nausea
- nausea
- nausea
- neutropenia
- neutropenia
- neutropenia
- new primary malignancy
- oligospermia
- oral ulceration
- peptic ulcer
- pneumonitis
- pulmonary fibrosis
- radiation recall reaction
- rash
- seizures
- skin atrophy
- skin cancer
- skin hyperpigmentation
- skin ulcer
- stomatitis
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombocytopenia
- tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
- vomiting
- weight gain
- weight gain
- xerosis
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC with differential
- platelet count
- pregnancy testing
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- anemia
- bone marrow suppression
- breast-feeding
- children
- contraception requirements
- geriatric
- hepatic disease
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- infertility
- intrauterine fetal death
- laboratory test interference
- leukopenia
- male-mediated teratogenicity
- neutropenia
- new primary malignancy
- pernicious anemia
- pregnancy
- pregnancy testing
- radiation therapy
- renal disease
- renal impairment
- reproductive risk
- sunlight (UV) exposure
- thrombocytopenia
- vaccination
- vasculitis
Interactions
- Abciximab
- Alpha interferons
- Alteplase
- Anagrelide
- Anticoagulants
- Antithrombin III
- Antithymocyte Globulin
- Apixaban
- Argatroban
- Articaine; Epinephrine
- Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole
- Azelastine; Fluticasone
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG
- Beclomethasone
- Betamethasone
- Betrixaban
- Bivalirudin
- Budesonide
- Budesonide; Formoterol
- Bupivacaine
- Bupivacaine Liposomal
- Bupivacaine; Lidocaine
- Carbamazepine
- Chloroprocaine
- Ciclesonide
- Cilostazol
- Clopidogrel
- Clozapine
- Colchicine; Probenecid
- Corticosteroids
- Cortisone
- Cytarabine, ARA-C
- Dabigatran
- Dalteparin
- Danaparoid
- Deflazacort
- Desirudin
- Dexamethasone
- Didanosine, ddI
- Digoxin
- Dipyridamole
- Echinacea
- Edoxaban
- Enoxaparin
- Eptifibatide
- Febuxostat
- Filgrastim, G-CSF
- Floxuridine
- Flucytosine
- Fludrocortisone
- Flunisolide
- Fluorouracil, 5-FU
- Fluticasone
- Fluticasone; Salmeterol
- Fluticasone; Umeclidinium; Vilanterol
- Fluticasone; Vilanterol
- Fondaparinux
- Formoterol; Mometasone
- Ganciclovir
- Heparin
- Hydrocortisone
- Influenza Virus Vaccine
- Interferon Alfa-2a
- Interferon Alfa-2b
- Interferon Alfa-2b; Ribavirin
- Interferon Alfa-n3
- Interferon Alfacon-1
- Intranasal Influenza Vaccine
- Lepirudin
- Lidocaine
- Lidocaine; Prilocaine
- Live Vaccines
- Measles Virus; Mumps Virus; Rubella Virus; Varicella Virus Vaccine, Live
- Measles/Mumps/Rubella Vaccines, MMR
- Mepivacaine
- Mepivacaine; Levonordefrin
- Methylprednisolone
- Mometasone
- Palifermin
- Pegfilgrastim
- Peginterferon Alfa-2a
- Peginterferon Alfa-2b
- Penicillamine
- Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine
- Penicillin G Procaine
- Pentosan
- Piroxicam
- Platelet Inhibitors
- Prasugrel
- Prednisolone
- Prednisone
- Prilocaine
- Prilocaine; Epinephrine
- Probenecid
- Reteplase, r-PA
- Rivaroxaban
- Ropivacaine
- Rotavirus Vaccine
- Rubella Virus Vaccine Live
- Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating
- Smallpox Vaccine, Vaccinia Vaccine
- Stavudine, d4T
- Streptokinase
- Sulfinpyrazone
- Sulindac
- Tbo-Filgrastim
- Tenecteplase
- Tetracaine
- Thrombolytic Agents
- Ticagrelor
- Ticlopidine
- Tinzaparin
- Tirofiban
- Tolmetin
- Triamcinolone
- Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative, PPD
- Typhoid Vaccine
- Urokinase
- Valganciclovir
- Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine, Live
- Vorapaxar
- Warfarin
- Yellow Fever Vaccine, Live