Description of the sins and result there of as narrated by the Sages
Parvati said—О Brahman, the Brahmanas who were the sons of Brahma and were well-versed in polity what type of knowledge did they extend to the Brahmana on the polity. You kindly let me know.
Mahadeva said—О damsel, the sages pacified the Brahmana speaking to him in different ways.
Sanatkumara said— After you, LaksmI, glory, prowess, popularity, humility, immense riches, the manes and all the gods together with the god of fire, the royal grandeur also left the king. О best of the sages, now you be pleased because the Brahmanas are considered to be those who get pleased soon. О sage, the mind of the Brahmanas is soft like the butter and gets purified with the performing of continuous tapas and become spotless.
Therefore, О Brahmana, you kindly forgive and come to the place of the king dropping the dust of your feet there, purifying the same. Thereafter you bless him.
Bhrgu said—The one from whose house a mendicant returns disappointed, his manes, the gods and Agni, because of not honouring the guest, also depart in disappointment. Therefore, О Brahmana, you kindly forgive him and now reaching the abode of the king you purify it because the one in whose house the guest is not honoured, earns the sin of killing a woman, killing a cow, ungratefulness, Brahmahatya and of committing sin with the wife of the Guru.
Pulastya said—The one who looks down upon a guest arriving at home, the same guest goes away carrying all his merits and dropping all his sins at the door of such a person.
Therefore, О son, you forgive the, sin of the king. You move pleasantly as the king could not get up to welcome you because of the move of the destiny; therefore you forgive him.
Pulaha said— Such of the Ksatriya or a Brahmana, who, because of the royal riches or the knowledge misbehaves with a Brahmana and does not extend due respect to him, such a Ks atrlya is deprived of all the riches and the Brahmana is deprived of performing sandhya all the three times. He is also deprived of the vrata of Ekadasl and is not considered fit for getting the naivedya of lord Visnu. Therefore, О Brahmana you kindly forgive him and purify the king.
Rtu said—О Brahmana, whosoever among Brahmanas, Ksatrlyas, Vais’yas or Siidras insults a Brahmana, is deprived of dlksa, becomes a pauper having no son, is ultimately deprived of his wife also. Therefore О lord, you forgive him and moving into the abode of the king you kindly purify it.
Angira said—In the sacred land of Bharata, whosoever insults the Brahmanas, gods and the teacher, is always deprived of the devotion of lord Visnu.
Marlci said—In the sacred land of Bharata, whosoever insults the gods, the Brahmanas and the teacher, is deprived of the devotion of lord Visnu.
Kasyapa said—The one who laughs at a Vais nava Brahmana and also insults him, is deprived of the mantra of Visnu and his devotion.
Praceta said—On finding a Brahmana beggar who does not get up to welcome him, he is deprived of the devotion of his parents in the land of Bharata.
The foolish fellow is bom as an elephant for seven births. Therefore, О best of the Brahmanas, you move quickly and offer your blessing to the king.
Durvasa said—The one who does not bow in reverence while coming across the image of the teacher, Brahmana and gods, is reborn as a pig on earth and the one who indulges himself in giving false evidence, becomes a betrayer. Therefore, you kindly forgive the sins of all of us and accept the welcome by the king.
The king said—All the sages here have followed Dharma deceitfully, therefore you enlighten me on the truth.
О best of the yogis, those, who indulge in the killing of women and cows, are ungrateful and by enjoying the company of the wife of a Guru also indulge in the killing of the Brahmana, what a type of sin is attracted by them. You kindly tell me.
Vasistha said—О king, the one who intentionally kills the cow, such a person should go on a pilgrimage for a year and he should consume the pulp of barley and should consume water with hands only.
Thereafter he should offer the best of cows to the Brahmana, feed a hundred Brahmana give daksina. He is then relieved of his sin.
Even after repenting, he is not freed from the entire sin and because of this, he has to be bom and a Candala.
If one kills a cow at the instance of another, he earns half of the sin and he also cannot be relieved of all the sins, by performing acts of repentance.
Sukra said—One earns double the sin of Gohatya by killing a woman and for that he has to fall into the kalasutra hell and remain there for sixty thousand years.
Thereafter the great sinner is bom as a pig for seven births and for another seven births he is bom as a serpent. He is purified thereafter.
Brhaspati said—One earns double the sin of killing a woman by indulging in Brahmahatya. For this he has to remain for a lakh of years in Kumbhlpaka hell.
Thereafter the condemned sinner is reborn as an insect of refuse for a hundred years and is further reborn as a snake for seven births, before he is purified.
Gautama said—О king, an ungrateful person attracts four time more the sin than Brahmahatya and it is certain that the Vedas do not prescribe the redemption of an ungrateful person.
The king said—О best of those well-versed in the Vedas, you kindly enlighten me on the symptoms of the ungrateful people, its different divisions and what type of sin is attracted by each one of them.
Rsyasrnga said—In the Samaveda sixteen types of ungrateful people have been listed. Each one has to suffer for the sin committed by him.
The one who performs good to others, is truthful, performs noble deed, is devoted to his Dharma, is truthful to the vow taken by him, performs charity, keeps up his words and the one who performs the task of his teacher, the task of the gods, performs good deeds, adore the Brahmanas, adores the lord daily, is always commendable but the one who creates obstruction in the performing of these noble deeds, is considered to be an ungrateful person. The sinners get different abodes in the hell for committing different sins and have also to be bom variously.
О king, whichever hell is visited by the sinners, Yama is always found present there.
Suyajna said—О lord, by performing which deed one is termed as ungrateful and to which of the terrific hells he has to move. You kindly tell me, because I am quite anxious to know about them.
Katayayana said—The one who is not truthful after taking an oath and desecrates the same, such an ungrateful fellow falls into kalastitra hell and remains there for four yugas.
Thereafter for seven births he is bom as an owl and for seven births he is bom as a Stidra suffering from some ailment. He is redeemed thereafter.
Sanandana Said—The one who after performing the good deeds, praises himself such an ungrateful person falls into the hell named Taptasunnl and remains there for three yugas.
Thereafter for five births he is bom as a frog, for three births he is bom as a crab, then he is bom as a dumb person suffering from grave ailment and a pauper. He is purified thereafter.
Sanatana said—Such of Brahmanas who does not perform the sandhya thrice and takes a bath without performing tarpana, discarding his dharma or eats without first offering the food to Visnu or neglects the devotion of Visnu, the mantra of Visnu, Ekadasi-vrata or takes food on the birthday of Krsna, Sivaratri or RamanavamI and does not perfonn the rites for the manes, is considered to be an ungrateful person.
Because of these sins, he remains in Kitmbhlpaka hell up to the time equivalent to the life of fourteen Indras. Thereafter, he is bom as a vulture for a hundred times, as a pig for a hundred times and becomes a store-keeper of the Sudras thereafter. After that, he is bom for seven births as the one who loads weight on the bulls or yokes them to the plough. For further seven births he is reborn as a Brahmana burning the dead bodies of Sudra and for further seven births he becomes a Brahmana having a Sudra woman as his wife. Thus he remains in the terrific hell till a fraction of the sins committed by him remains. He takes birth in the sinful way and again falls into the hell. Thereafter he is bom as an ass seven times and a frog five times before he is purified.
Suyajna said—О sage, what type of sin is attracted by a person by becoming a store-keeper of the Sudras, by burning their dead bodies, by eating the food of the Sudras and by keeping company of the Sudra woman or a Brahmana becoming a weight-loader of the bulls? You kindly tell me everything in detail.
Parasara said—Because of the lack of knowledge a Brahmana becomes a store-keeper of the Sudras. He falls in the Asipatra hell for seventy one yugas.
Thereafter he becomes an ass, a mouse, an insect of oil for seven births before he is purified.
Jaratkam said— О Brahmana, the one who himself being a Brahmana engages himself in the loading of the bulls or yoking them to the plough, is known as an ungrateful person in the land of Bharata.
By maintainings the bull daily and beating it, one earns the sin of Brahmahatya and by loading the weight over the bull, one earns double the sin.
Thus the one who yokes to the plough a hungry and thirsty bull in the summer, earns the sin of Brahmahatya. There is no doubt about it.
О Brahmana, the food of such a Brahmana who loads the bulls, is considered to be like the refuse and the water is like the urine. As such the sraddha and tarpana performed by such a Brahmana for the manes are not accepted by them. The gods also do not accept the flowers offered by him. A Branmana who willingly gives food to the driver of the bullock, is deprived of all the rites of the manes and the gods. He has to fall into the terrific hell and remains there till the moon and the sun last, consuming refuse and urine. The messengers of Yama torture him with tridents at the time of the three sandhyas. They thrust the burning wood into their mouths and prick their bodies continuously with needles. Thereafter, he is bom as the insect of refuse for sixty thousand years. For five births he appears as a crow, skylark and a vulture. For seven births he has to be bom as a jackal. Thereafter he is bom as a pauper and a Sudra suffering from great ailment before he is purified.
Bharadvaja said—О best of the kings, the one who burnt the bodies of the Siidras, is called an ungrateful person. He earns the sin of Brahmahatya according to the appropriate time. Thereafter, he wanders in similar forms and falls ultimately into the hell and is purified thereafter. The sin which a Brahmana earns by burning the dead bodies of the Siidras, the same sin is earned by him by taking food and drink with the Sudras.
Vibhandaka said—Such of the degraded Brahmana who takes food in the sraddha performed by the Sudra, is discarded for participating in noble deeds, like the drunkards sfnd the killers of the Brahmana.
Markandeya said—О king, the sin which a Brahmana earns by cohabiting with the wife of a Sudra, the same is going to be defined by me. You please listen to me attentively. The Brahmana who takes a Sudra woman as his wife, he is considered to be an ungrateful person and he has to remain in the Krmidamstra hell up to the period equivalent to the life of fourteen Indras. He is bitten by the insects there and the messengers of Yama torture him at the same time. He is made to embrace the daily burning image of the said woman. Thereafter he is bom as an insect of the vagina of the wicked woman. He has to remain in that position for a thousand years before he is purified.
Suyajna said—О sage, you kindly enlighten me on the results of the deeds of other ungrateful people. We find the curse of the Brahmana dominating us. One cannot earn riches without facing the trouble. We have been gratified; our life has been successful, because the best of the sages and the ascetics have assembled here.
