Recurrence rate of ANCA following kidney transplantation
What is the recurrence rate of ANCA disease following kidney transplantation?
Recurrent ANCA vasculitis may occur following kidney transplantation despite anti-rejection therapy.
However, the rate of recurrence is low, reported at 0.02 per patient-years, and does not seem to be influenced by the disease phenotype, the ANCA serotype, or the duration of remission for more or less than a year prior to transplantation.
Whether a positive ANCA test alone at the time of transplantation (in the absence of clinical signs of active vasculitis) is associated with a greater risk of relapse remains uncertain, and was not associated with decreased graft survival. In such a circumstance, the risk of relapse should be weighed against the morbidity and risk of mortality associated with ESKD.
