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What is Zalcitabine ddC
Zalcitabine (dideoxycytidine, ddC) is an antiretroviral nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). In June 1992, it became the third agent to be approved by the FDA for the treatment of HIV infection.
However, because monotherapy with zalcitabine has been shown to be inferior to monotherapy with zidovudine (ZDV), zalcitabine was approved for use only in combination with zidovudine. In addition, zalcitabine was given a priority review by the FDA.
In February 1996, zalcitabine was granted full FDA approval based on data from two randomized, double-blind clinical studies. Approval was based on improvements in CD4 counts and not demonstration of clinical efficacy.
Brand Name
Hivid
Indications
- hepatitis B virus
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
Side Effects
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anemia
- arthralgia
- cardiomyopathy
- clastogenesis
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- erythema
- esophageal ulceration
- folliculitis
- hepatic failure
- hepatomegaly
- hepatotoxicity
- jaundice
- lactic acidosis
- leukopenia
- lipodystrophy
- maculopapular rash
- myalgia
- neutropenia
- oral ulceration
- pancreatitis
- peripheral neuropathy
- pruritus
- steatosis
- urticaria
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC
- CD4+ T cell count
- LFTs
- plasma HIV RNA
- serum amylase
Contraindications
- alcoholism
- antimicrobial resistance
- breast-feeding
- children
- diabetes mellitus
- females
- hepatic disease
- hepatitis
- hepatotoxicity or lactic acidosis
- hypertriglyceridemia
- immune reconstitution syndrome
- infants
- jaundice
- neonates
- obesity
- pancreatitis
- peripheral neuropathy
- pregnancy
- renal failure
- renal impairment
Interactions
- Adefovir
- Aluminum Hydroxide
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Carbonate
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide; Simethicone
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Trisilicate
- Amikacin
- Aminoglycosides
- Amphotericin B
- Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex (ABCD)
- Amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC)
- Amphotericin B liposomal (LAmB)
- Amprenavir
- Atazanavir
- Atazanavir; Cobicistat
- Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
- Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
- Bortezomib
- Calcium Carbonate; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Chloramphenicol
- Cimetidine
- Colchicine; Probenecid
- Dapsone
- Dasabuvir; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Didanosine, ddI
- Disulfiram
- Doxorubicin
- Echinacea
- Ethionamide
- food
- Foscarnet
- Fosphenytoin
- Gentamicin
- Hydralazine
- Hydralazine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Hydralazine; Isosorbide Dinitrate, ISDN
- Interferon Alfa-2b; Ribavirin
- Interferons
- Iodoquinol
- Isoniazid, INH
- Isoniazid, INH; Pyrazinamide, PZA; Rifampin
- Isoniazid, INH; Rifampin
- Kanamycin
- Lopinavir; Ritonavir
- Magnesium Hydroxide
- Metoclopramide
- Metronidazole
- Nitrofurantoin
- Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Orlistat
- Paromomycin
- Pentamidine
- Phenytoin
- Plazomicin
- Probenecid
- Ribavirin
- Ritonavir
- Stavudine, d4T
- Streptomycin
- Tinidazole
- Tobramycin
- Vincristine
- Vincristine Liposomal
