Desflurane Brand Name– Suprane
What is Desflurane
Desflurane is a non-flammable, volatile (below 22.8 degrees C), liquid general halogenated anesthetic. It is used in adults for induction and/or maintenance of anesthesia during surgery.
Desflurane is not recommended for induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients because of the high incidence of cough, laryngospasm, apnea, secretion production, and oxyhemoglobin desaturation; however, the drug may be administered to this population for maintenance of anesthesia if other agents are used for induction and tracheal intubation is in place.
Desflurane is administered by inhalation via a vaporizer; administration must be performed by healthcare professionals with training in general anesthesia. The dose must be individualized according to surgical requirements, patient variables (age, physical condition, etc.), and use of adjunctive agents such as nitrous oxide, benzodiazepines, and opioids.
During clinical trials, efficacy of desflurane was evaluated in 1843 patients, including ambulatory (n = 1061), cardiovascular (n = 277), neurosurgical (n = 40), geriatric (n = 103; ages 57—91 years), and pediatric (n = 235; ages 2—16 years) patients.
Desflurane was approved by the FDA in 1992
Indications
- general anesthesia induction
- general anesthesia maintenance
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- agitation
- apnea
- arrhythmia exacerbation
- asthenia
- atrial fibrillation
- bleeding
- bradycardia
- bronchial secretions
- bronchospasm
- carboxyhemoglobinemia
- cardiac arrest
- cholestasis
- conjunctivitis
- cough
- dizziness
- dyspnea
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- erythema
- fever
- headache
- hemoptysis
- hepatic failure
- hepatic necrosis
- hepatitis
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperkalemia
- hypersalivation
- hypertension
- hypokalemia
- hypotension
- hypoxia
- jaundice
- laryngospasm
- leukocytosis
- malaise
- malignant hyperthermia
- metabolic acidosis
- myalgia
- myocardial infarction
- myoglobinuria
- nausea
- pancreatitis
- pharyngitis
- pruritus
- respiratory arrest
- respiratory depression
- rhabdomyolysis
- seizures
- sinus tachycardia
- torsade de pointes
- urticaria
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- arterial blood gases (ABGs)
Contraindications
- accidental exposure
- alcoholism
- asthma
- bradycardia
- breast-feeding
- cardiac arrhythmias
- cardiac disease
- children
- coronary artery disease
- diabetes mellitus
- females
- geriatric
- halogenated anesthetics hypersensitivity
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- hepatitis
- hyperkalemia
- hypertension
- hypocalcemia
- hypokalemia
- hypomagnesemia
- increased intracranial pressure
- infants
- intracranial mass
- labor
- long QT syndrome
- malignant hyperthermia
- malnutrition
- myocardial infarction
- neonates
- neuromuscular disease
- obstetric delivery
- pregnancy
- QT prolongation
- respiratory infection
- thyroid disease
Interactions
- Acebutolol
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
- Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
- Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
- Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
- Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
- Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
- Alfentanil
- Alfuzosin
- Alprazolam
- Ambenonium Chloride
- Amiodarone
- Amitriptyline; Chlordiazepoxide
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Lansoprazole
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Omeprazole
- Anagrelide
- Apomorphine
- Aripiprazole
- Arsenic Trioxide
- Artemether; Lumefantrine
- Asenapine
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
- Atenolol
- Atenolol; Chlorthalidone
- Atomoxetine
- Atropine; Edrophonium
- Azithromycin
- Bedaquiline
- Belladonna; Opium
- Bendroflumethiazide; Nadolol
- Benzodiazepines
- Beta-adrenergic blockers
- Betaxolol
- Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
- Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
- Bisoprolol
- Bisoprolol; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Brimonidine; Timolol
- Brompheniramine
- Brompheniramine; Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine
- Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin
- Brompheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone
- Brompheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Brompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Buprenorphine
- Buprenorphine; Naloxone
- Cannabidiol
- Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine
- Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
- Carbetapentane; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine; Pyrilamine
- Carbetapentane; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbetapentane; Pyrilamine
- Carbinoxamine
- Carbinoxamine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbinoxamine; Phenylephrine
- Carbinoxamine; Pseudoephedrine
- Carteolol
- Carvedilol
- Ceritinib
- Cetirizine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlophedianol; Dexchlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorcyclizine
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Chlordiazepoxide; Clidinium
- Chloroquine
- Chlorpheniramine
- Chlorpheniramine; Codeine
- Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan
- Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpromazine
- Ciprofloxacin
- Citalopram
- Clarithromycin
- Class IA Antiarrhythmics
- Clemastine
- Clofazimine
- Clonazepam
- Clorazepate
- Clozapine
- Codeine
- Codeine; Guaifenesin
- Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine
- Codeine; Promethazine
- Crizotinib
- Cyclizine
- Cyproheptadine
- Dasatinib
- Degarelix
- Desloratadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Deutetrabenazine
- Dexchlorpheniramine
- Dexchlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Dexmethylphenidate
- Dextromethorphan; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Dextromethorphan; Promethazine
- Diazepam
- Dichlorphenamide
- Dihydrocodeine; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Dimenhydrinate
- Diphenhydramine
- Diphenhydramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
- Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
- Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Dofetilide
- Dolasetron
- Dolutegravir; Rilpivirine
- Donepezil
- Donepezil; Memantine
- Dorzolamide; Timolol
- Doxylamine
- Doxylamine; Pyridoxine
- Dronedarone
- Droperidol
- Edrophonium
- Efavirenz
- Efavirenz; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir
- Efavirenz; Lamivudine; Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
- Eliglustat
- Emtricitabine; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Emtricitabine; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- Encorafenib
- Entrectinib
- Eribulin
- Erythromycin
- Erythromycin; Sulfisoxazole
- Escitalopram
- Esmolol
- Estazolam
- Ezogabine
- Fentanyl
- Fexofenadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Fingolimod
- Flecainide
- Fluconazole
- Fluoxetine
- Fluoxetine; Olanzapine
- Fluphenazine
- Flurazepam
- Fluvoxamine
- Foscarnet
- Galantamine
- Gemifloxacin
- Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin
- Gilteritinib
- Glasdegib
- Goserelin
- Granisetron
- Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone
- Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Haloperidol
- Histrelin
- Homatropine; Hydrocodone
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Metoprolol
- Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Propranolol
- Hydrocodone
- Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
- Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate
- Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate; Pseudoephedrine
- Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Hydromorphone
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Hydroxyzine
- Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Ibutilide
- Iloperidone
- Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
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- Ivosidenib
- Ketoconazole
- Labetalol
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- Leuprolide
- Leuprolide; Norethindrone
- Levobetaxolol
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- Levofloxacin
- Levorphanol
- Lithium
- Lofexidine
- Loperamide
- Loperamide; Simethicone
- Lopinavir; Ritonavir
- Loratadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Lorazepam
- Macimorelin
- Maprotiline
- Meclizine
- Mefloquine
- Meperidine
- Meperidine; Promethazine
- Methadone
- Methylphenidate
- Metoprolol
- Metronidazole
- Midazolam
- Midostaurin
- Mifepristone
- Mirtazapine
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- Morphine
- Morphine; Naltrexone
- Moxifloxacin
- Nadolol
- Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
- Nebivolol
- Nebivolol; Valsartan
- Neostigmine
- Nilotinib
- Norfloxacin
- Octreotide
- Ofloxacin
- Olanzapine
- Ondansetron
- Opiate Agonists
- Osilodrostat
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- Oxaliplatin
- Oxazepam
- Oxycodone
- Oxymorphone
- Paliperidone
- Panobinostat
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- Pazopanib
- Penbutolol
- Perphenazine
- Perphenazine; Amitriptyline
- Phenelzine
- Phentermine
- Phentermine; Topiramate
- Phenylephrine; Promethazine
- Physostigmine
- Pimavanserin
- Pindolol
- Pitolisant
- Posaconazole
- Primaquine
- Prochlorperazine
- Promethazine
- Propafenone
- Propoxyphene
- Propranolol
- Pseudoephedrine
- Pyridostigmine
- Quazepam
- Quetiapine
- Quinine
- Ranolazine
- Remifentanil
- Ribociclib
- Ribociclib; Letrozole
- Rilpivirine
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- Rivastigmine
- Romidepsin
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- Siponimod
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- Sorafenib
- Sotalol
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- Sunitinib
- Tacrine
- Tacrolimus
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- Temazepam
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- Thioridazine
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- Triazolam
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Trifluoperazine
- Triprolidine
- Triptorelin
- Vandetanib
- Vardenafil
- Vemurafenib
- Venlafaxine
- Voriconazole
- Vorinostat
