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What is Atropine Pralidoxime
Atropine pralidoxime are used together in an intramuscular parenteral preparation to treat organophosphate nerve poisoning.
Pralidoxime is an agent that reactivates cholinesterase.
Atropine is an antimuscarinic agent that decreases the muscarinic cholinergic adverse reactions associated with the organophosphate toxicity (e.g., lacrimation, sweating, breathing problems, slow heart rate).
ATNAA (Antidote treatment-Nerve Agent Auto-injector) is FDA-approved for US military use.
DuoDote is FDA-approved for use in civilians; it is only distributed to emergency medical service organizations or their suppliers.
Indications
- organophosphate insecticide toxicity
For the treatment of life-threatening exposure to susceptible organophosphate nerve agents or organophosphate insecticides (i.e., organophosphate insecticide toxicity) having anticholinesterase activity
Side Effects
- local injection site reaction
- muscle tightness and mild to moderate pain
- dryness of the mouth
- blurred vision, dry eyes
- photophobia
- confusion
- headache
- dizziness
- tachycardia
- palpitations
- flushing
- urinary hesitancy or retention
- constipation
- abdominal pain
- abdominal distention
- nausea and vomiting
- loss of libido
- impotence
- heat intolerance
- impairment of temperature regulation
- Dysphagia
- paralytic ileus
- acute angle closure glaucoma
- maculopapular rash
- petechial rash
- scarlatiniform rash
Serious Side effects
- sinus tachycardia
- palpitations
- premature ventricular contractions
- atrial flutter
- atrial fibrillation
- ventricular flutter
- ventricular fibrillation
- cardiac syncope
- asystole
- myocardial infarction
- restlessness
- tremor
- fatigue
- locomotor difficulties
- delirium
- hallucinations
Contraindications
- bladder obstruction
- breast-feeding
- cardiac arrhythmias
- cardiac disease
- chronic lung disease (CLD)
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- closed-angle glaucoma
- coronary artery disease
- emphysema
- glaucoma
- hyperthermia
- myocardial infarction
- pregnancy
- pyloric stenosis
- requires an experienced clinician
- strenuous exercise
- urinary retention
- urinary tract obstruction
Interactions
No information is available regarding drug interactions associated with Atropine Pralidoxime
