Role of EUS in the endoscopic surveillance of rectal cancer

What is the role of EUS in the endoscopic surveillance of individuals with a personal history of rectal cancer? 

  • After surgical resection, the local recurrence rate for advanced rectal cancer is approximately 25%, and the risk of recurrence is greatest in the first 2 years after surgery.
  • EUS may be used to accurately detect recurrent rectal cancer and provide pathologic confirmation via FNA.
  • The optimal interval for performing EUS following surgical resection has not been established.
  • Currently, rectal EUS is recommended every 6 months for the first 2 years after low anterior resection or transanal excision to screen for recurrent rectal cancer.
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