Differential diagnosis of major causes of hemothorax
- • Trauma (blunt or penetrating or iatrogenic) (most common cause)
- • Bleeding diathesis (e.g., anticoagulation, protein S or C deficiency)
- • Malignancy
- • Infection
- • Acute pulmonary embolism
- • Thoracic aortic rupture (from aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, dissection, penetrating aortic ulcer, or transection)
