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Ceftazidime Brand Names
Ceptaz | Fortaz | Tazicef | Tazidime
What is Ceftazidime
Ceftazidime is a parenteral third-generation cephalosporin. As a rule, third-generation cephalosporins are more active and have a broader spectrum against aerobic gram-negative bacteria than do either first- or second-generation agents.
Ceftazidime, like other third-generation cephalosporins, is less active against gram-positive organisms than are first-generation drugs.
Ceftazidime is extremely active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and is used frequently for pulmonary infections, particularly in patients with cystic fibrosis. Other therapeutic uses of ceftazidime include meningitis, skin and soft-tissue infections, urinary tract infections, and bone and joint infections.
Ceftazidime has been commonly used in the empiric treatment of fever in neutropenic patients.
However, higher rates of resistance among viridans-group streptococci have been noted with ceftazidime compared with cefepime; therefore, ceftazidime monotherapy should not be used if there are concerns about gram-positive or resistant gram-negative infections.
Ceftazidime was FDA-approved in July 1985.
Indications
- Acinetobacter sp.
- bacteremia
- Bacteroides sp.
- bone and joint infections
- Burkholderia pseudomallei
- Citrobacter diversus
- Citrobacter freundii
- Citrobacter sp.
- Clostridium sp.
- community-acquired pneumonia
- cystic fibrosis
- diabetic foot ulcer
- Eikenella corrodens
- endocarditis
- endometritis
- Enterobacter sp.
- Escherichia coli
- Eubacterium sp.
- febrile neutropenia
- gynecologic infections
- Haemophilus ducreyi
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative)
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive)
- Haemophilus parainfluenzae
- intraabdominal infections
- Klebsiella oxytoca
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Klebsiella sp.
- Lactobacillus sp.
- lower respiratory tract infections
- melioidosis
- meningitis
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Morganella morganii
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Neisseria meningitidis
- nosocomial pneumonia
- osteomyelitis
- Pantoea agglomerans
- Pasteurella multocida
- pelvic cellulitis
- Peptostreptococcus sp.
- peritonitis
- pneumonia
- Propionibacterium sp.
- Proteus mirabilis
- Proteus vulgaris
- Providencia rettgeri
- Providencia sp.
- Providencia stuartii
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Pseudomonas sp.
- Salmonella sp.
- sepsis
- Serratia marcescens
- Serratia sp.
- Shigella sp.
- skin and skin structure infections
- Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
- Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci)
- urinary tract infection (UTI)
- Viridans streptococci
- Yersinia enterocolitica
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)
- agranulocytosis
- angioedema
- aplastic anemia
- asterixis
- bronchospasm
- candidiasis
- cholestasis
- coma
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- encephalopathy
- eosinophilia
- erythema multiforme
- fever
- headache
- hemolytic anemia
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hypoprothrombinemia
- hypotension
- injection site reaction
- interstitial nephritis
- jaundice
- leukopenia
- lymphocytosis
- maculopapular rash
- myoclonia
- nausea
- neutropenia
- pancytopenia
- paresthesias
- phlebitis
- pruritus
- pseudomembranous colitis
- seizures
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- superinfection
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombocytosis
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- urticaria
- vaginitis
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- cephalosporin hypersensitivity
- coagulopathy
- colitis
- diarrhea
- geriatric
- GI disease
- inflammatory bowel disease
- penicillin hypersensitivity
- pregnancy
- pseudomembranous colitis
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- ulcerative colitis
- vitamin K deficiency
Interactions
- Amikacin
- Aminoglycosides
- Gentamicin
- Kanamycin
- Loop diuretics
- Oral Contraceptives
- Paromomycin
- Plazomicin
- Sodium picosulfate; Magnesium oxide; Anhydrous citric acid
- Streptomycin
- Tobramycin
- Warfarin
