Cefdinir Brand Name– Omnicef
What is Cefdinir
Cefdinir (FK482, CI—983) is an oral extended-spectrum, semisynthetic, cephalosporin. It is generally classified as a third generation cephalosporin with activity similar to cefotaxime and cefixime.
In a comparison to cefixime, cefpodoxime, cefaclor, and cephalexin in vitro, cefdinir is more active against oxacillin-sensitive Staphylcoccus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pyogens, Escherichia coli, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Cefdinir is less active than cefixime against Hemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumonia, K. oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis and P. vulgaris.
Cefdinir is not active against methicillin-resistant staphylococci or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
A post-antibiotic effect of cefdinir has been shown against S. aureus and S. pyogens but not against E. coli or K. pneumonia. Cefdinir is approved for treatment of skin infections and a variety of upper respiratory infections including chronic bronchitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, and tonsillitis in both adult and pediatric patients.
It is available in both capsules and in a strawberry-flavored suspension.
Final FDA approval was granted December 8, 1997.
Indications
- bronchitis
- Citrobacter koseri
- community-acquired pneumonia
- Escherichia coli
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative)
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive)
- Haemophilus parainfluenzae
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- otitis media
- pharyngitis
- pneumonia
- Proteus mirabilis
- sinusitis
- skin and skin structure infections
- Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
- Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci)
- tonsillitis
- urinary tract infection (UTI)
- Viridans streptococci
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- agranulocytosis
- anaphylactic shock
- anaphylactoid reactions
- angioedema
- anorexia
- aplastic anemia
- asthenia
- azotemia
- bleeding
- candidiasis
- chest pain (unspecified)
- cholestasis
- colitis
- conjunctivitis
- constipation
- diarrhea
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dyspepsia
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- eosinophilia
- eosinophilic pneumonia
- erythema multiforme
- erythema nodosum
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fever
- flatulence
- GI bleeding
- glycosuria
- headache
- heart failure
- hematuria
- hemolytic anemia
- hepatic failure
- hepatitis
- hyperamylasemia
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperkalemia
- hyperkinesis
- hyperphosphatemia
- hypertension
- hypocalcemia
- hypophosphatemia
- ileus
- insomnia
- involuntary movements
- jaundice
- laryngeal edema
- leukopenia
- leukorrhea
- maculopapular rash
- melena
- myocardial infarction
- nausea
- neutropenia
- pancytopenia
- peptic ulcer
- proteinuria
- pruritus
- pseudomembranous colitis
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- respiratory arrest
- rhabdomyolysis
- seizures
- serum sickness
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- stomatitis
- stool discoloration
- superinfection
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- vaginitis
- vasculitis
- vomiting
- xerostomia
Monitoring Parameters
- prothrombin time (PT)
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- antimicrobial resistance
- breast-feeding
- cephalosporin hypersensitivity
- coagulopathy
- colitis
- diabetes mellitus
- dialysis
- diarrhea
- geriatric
- GI disease
- infants
- inflammatory bowel disease
- neonates
- penicillin hypersensitivity
- pregnancy
- pseudomembranous colitis
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- ulcerative colitis
- viral infection
- vitamin K deficiency
Interactions
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Antacids
- Calcium Carbonate
- Calcium Carbonate; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Calcium Carbonate; Risedronate
- Calcium Carbonate; Simethicone
- Choline Salicylate; Magnesium Salicylate
- Dienogest; Estradiol valerate
- Drospirenone
- Drospirenone; Estradiol
- Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol
- Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Levomefolate
- Elagolix; Estradiol; Norethindrone acetate
- Estradiol; Levonorgestrel
- Estradiol; Norethindrone
- Estradiol; Norgestimate
- Ethinyl Estradiol
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Desogestrel
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethynodiol Diacetate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Etonogestrel
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Ferrous bisglycinate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Folic Acid; Levomefolate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norelgestromin
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate; Ferrous fumarate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone; Ferrous fumarate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestimate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestrel
- Iron
- Iron Salts
- Lanthanum Carbonate
- Leuprolide; Norethindrone
- Levonorgestrel
- Loop diuretics
- Magnesium Salicylate
- Magnesium Salts
- Mestranol; Norethindrone
- Norethindrone
- Norgestrel
- Oral Contraceptives
- Polysaccharide-Iron Complex
- Segesterone Acetate; Ethinyl Estradiol
- Sodium Ferric Gluconate Complex; ferric pyrophosphate citrate
- Sodium picosulfate; Magnesium oxide; Anhydrous citric acid
- Warfarin
