Articaine Epinephrine

Articaine Epinephrine Brand Names- Septocaine / Zorcaine with Epinephrine

What is Articaine Epinephrine

Articaine is a short-acting local anesthetic of the amide type.

The structure of articaine is similar to other amide local anesthetics except it contains an additional ester group, which is quickly hydrolyzed by esterases. The rapid breakdown of articaine leads to a low level of systemic toxicity.

Articaine is better able to diffuse through soft tissues and bone than other local anesthetics.

Articaine without epinephrine has been shown to be as effective as lidocaine or prilocaine during intravenous regional anesthesia; although, articaine may have a faster onset of action and lower peak systemic concentrations.

The FDA approved articaine-epinephrine in May 2000 for use as a local anesthetic during dental and periodontal procedures.

Articaine is widely used in Europe for dental procedures and is available as Ultracaine(R) (articaine 5%).

Indications

• dental anesthesia
• infiltration anesthesia
• local anesthesia
• peripheral nerve block

For dental anesthesia via infiltration anesthesia or local anesthesia via peripheral nerve block

Side Effects

1. anaphylactoid reactions
2. anxiety
3. arrhythmia exacerbation
4. arthralgia
5. asthenia
6. back pain
7. bleeding
8. blurred vision
9. bradycardia
10. cardiac arrest
11. confusion
12. cough
13. diplopia
14. dizziness
15. drowsiness
16. dysgeusia
17. dyspepsia
18. ecchymosis
19. edema
20. gingivitis
21. glossitis
22. headache
23. hyperesthesia
24. hypersalivation
25. hypertension
26. hypoesthesia
27. hypotension
28. infection
29. injection site reaction
30. lymphadenopathy
31. malaise
32. methemoglobinemia
33. migraine
34. muscle paralysis
35. myalgia
36. mydriasis
37. nausea
38. oral ulceration
39. otalgia
40. palpitations
41. paresthesias
42. pharyngitis
43. polydipsia
44. pruritus
45. ptosis
46. rash
47. respiratory arrest
48. respiratory depression
49. restlessness
50. rhinitis
51. seizures
52. sinus tachycardia
53. stomatitis
54. syncope
55. tinnitus
56. tissue necrosis
57. tremor
58. trismus
59. urticaria
60. vomiting
61. xerostomia

Monitoring Parameters

• laboratory monitoring not necessary

Contraindications

• amide local anesthetic hypersensitivity
• asthma
• AV block
• breast-feeding
• cardiac disease
• dehydration
• extravasation
• G6PD deficiency
• geriatric
• head and neck anesthesia
• heart failure
• hepatic disease
• hypertension
• hypotension
• hypovolemia
• infants
• intraarterial administration
• intrathecal administration
• intravenous administration
• labor
• MAOI therapy
• methemoglobinemia
• myasthenia gravis
• neonates
• obstetric delivery
• peripheral vascular disease
• pregnancy
• pulmonary disease
• QT prolongation
• shock
• sulfite hypersensitivity

Interactions

• Acarbose
• Acebutolol
• Acetaminophen
• Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
• Acetaminophen; Codeine
• Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan
• Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
• Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
• Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Acetaminophen; Dichloralphenazone; Isometheptene
• Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
• Acetaminophen; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
• Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
• Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
• Acetaminophen; Pentazocine
• Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
• Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
• Acetaminophen; Tramadol
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• Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine
• Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
• Atenolol
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• food
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• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Propranolol
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Quinapril
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Spironolactone
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Telmisartan
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Triamterene
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Valsartan
• Hydrocodone
• Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
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• Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate
• Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate; Pseudoephedrine
• Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
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• Phenylephrine; Promethazine
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