What types of spinal fractures are considered to be unstable?
Of the hyperflexion etiologies, BID, flexion teardrop fracture, and wedge fracture with posterior ligamentous rupture are considered unstable. Of the hyperextension etiologies, dens type II fracture, hangman’s fracture, and extension teardrop fracture are considered unstable. Burst fractures are also considered unstable, including the Jefferson fracture.
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