What is mixed uremic osteodystrophy (MUO)?
Mixed uremic osteodystrophy is the term that has been used to describe bone biopsies that have features of secondary hyperparathyroidism together with evidence of a mineralization defect.
There is extensive osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity and increased endosteal peritrabecular fibrosis, coupled with more osteoid than expected, and tetracycline labeling uncovers a concomitant mineralization defect.
Unfortunately, MUO, in particular, and high- and low-turnover bone disease have been inconsistent and poorly defined.
Thus it is best to describe bone histology or ROD according to the TMV system, as defined as part of CKD-MBD.
