How to evaluate kidney disease in HIV

How to evaluate kidney disease in HIV

How to begin the evaluation of kidney disease in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection?

The differential diagnosis of kidney disease in the setting of HIV infection covers a wide spectrum of kidney disorders including acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities, glomerular disease, acute kidney injury (AKI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

There is no difference in the initial basic approach in the evaluation of a patient with HIV compared to that of a patient who does not have HIV.

If patients with HIV develop kidney disease, the specific site of involvement (e.g., glomerular, interstitial, or vascular) should be identified.

Treatment options are dependent on proper identification and classification of the various HIV-associated kidney diseases.

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