Congenital foregut cysts
Bronchogenic cysts represent 50% to 60% of all mediastinal cysts, esophageal duplication cysts represent 5% to 10%, and neurenteric cysts represent 2% to 5%. About 85% of bronchogenic cysts are located close to the trachea, mainstem bronchi, or carina, and 15% may occur in the lungs. Esophageal duplication cysts are almost always found within the esophageal wall or adherent to the esophagus. Neurenteric cysts may occur in isolation within the mediastinum or may be connected by a fibrous tract to the spine. On imaging, cysts are generally round, smooth, thin-walled lesions that contain simple fluid or sometimes complex fluid. Symptoms may occur from compression of mediastinal structures or superinfection.
