What is associated risk of cancer for ANCA treated with cyclophosphamide?
The increased risk for cancer among ANCA patients treated with cyclophosphamide has been relatively well established.
The most current data have demonstrated an increased risk for non-melanomous skin cancers, bladder cancer, and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
Both bladder cancer and AML appear to occur primarily among those treated with a cumulative cyclophosphamide dose >36 g and have a latency period of 7 years or more.
Additionally, bladder and skin cancers seemed to present more commonly among those treated with azathioprine of mycophenolate mofetil maintenance therapy.
