Minocycline

Minocycline Brand Names

Amzeeq | Arestin | Dynacin | Minocin | MINOLIRA | Myrac | Solodyn | Ximino | Zilxi

What is Minocycline

Minocycline is an oral, intravenous, periodontal, and topical tetracycline antibiotic indicated for acne vulgaris, rosacea, rickettsial infections, cholera, respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and certain sexually transmitted diseases.

A periodontal product is used as an adjunct in the treatment of periodontitis.

Minocycline has activity against many gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.

Minocycline is not recommended for use in pediatric patients younger than 8 years due to the potential for staining of permanent teeth. Oral formulations can be administered without regard to meals, although some cations can significantly reduce oral bioavailability.

Indications

1. Acinetobacter sp.
2. acne rosacea
3. acne vulgaris
4. Actinomyces israelii
5. Actinomyces sp.
6. actinomycosis
7. amebiasis
8. anthrax
9. Bacillus anthracis
10. Bartonella bacilliformis
11. bartonellosis
12. bone and joint infections
13. Bordetella pertussis
14. Borrelia burgdorferi
15. Borrelia recurrentis
16. Brucella sp.
17. brucellosis
18. Burkholderia mallei
19. Burkholderia pseudomallei
20. Campylobacter fetus
21. Campylobacter fetus infections
22. chancroid
23. chlamydia infection
24. Chlamydia trachomatis
25. chlamydial conjunctivitis
26. Chlamydophila psittaci
27. cholera
28. clostridial diseases
29. Clostridium perfringens
30. Clostridium sp.
31. Clostridium tetani
32. Coxiella burnetii
33. dental infection
34. dentoalveolar infection
35. Eikenella corrodens
36. endodontic infection
37. Entamoeba sp.
38. Escherichia coli
39. Francisella tularensis
40. Fusobacterium fusiforme
41. Fusobacterium nucleatum
42. gonorrhea
43. granuloma inguinale
44. Haemophilus ducreyi
45. Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative)
46. Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive)
47. Klebsiella aerogenes
48. Klebsiella granulomatis
49. Klebsiella sp.
50. Legionella pneumophila
51. Leptospira sp.
52. Leptotrichia buccalis
53. Listeria monocytogenes
54. listeriosis
55. lower respiratory tract infections
56. lymphogranuloma venereum
57. meningitis
58. meningococcal infection prophylaxis
59. murine typhus
60. Mycobacterium marinum
61. Mycobacterium marinum infection
62. Mycoplasma hominis
63. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
64. necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
65. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
66. Neisseria meningitidis
67. Nocardia sp.
68. non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU)
69. orthopedic device-related infection
70. osteomyelitis
71. Pasteurella multocida
72. pemphigus
73. periodontitis
74. plague
75. Porphyromonas gingivalis
76. Prevotella intermedia
77. Propionibacterium acnes
78. Propionibacterium propionicum
79. psittacosis
80. Q fever
81. relapsing fever
82. rheumatoid arthritis
83. Rickettsia akari
84. Rickettsia prowazekii
85. Rickettsia rickettsii
86. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
87. Rickettsial pox
88. Rocky Mountain spotted fever
89. Shigella sp.
90. skin and skin structure infections
91. Spirillum minus
92. Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
93. Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
94. Streptobacillus moniliformis
95. Streptococcus pneumoniae
96. syphilis
97. trachoma
98. Treponema pallidum
99. Treponema pertenue
100. tularemia
101. upper respiratory tract infections
102. Ureaplasma urealyticum
103. urethritis
104. urinary tract infection (UTI)
105. Vibrio cholerae
106. Vibrio parahaemolyticus
107. yaws
108. Yersinia enterocolitica
109. Yersinia pestis

Side Effects

1. agranulocytosis
2. alopecia
3. anaphylactic shock
4. anaphylactoid reactions
5. anorexia
6. arthralgia
7. azotemia
8. bronchospasm
9. candidiasis
10. cholestasis
11. cough
12. dental caries
13. dental pain
14. diarrhea
15. dizziness
16. drowsiness
17. Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
18. dyspepsia
19. dysphagia
20. dyspnea
21. elevated hepatic enzymes
22. enamel hypoplasia
23. enterocolitis
24. eosinophilia
25. erythema
26. erythema
27. erythema
28. erythema multiforme
29. erythema nodosum
30. esophageal ulceration
31. esophagitis
32. exfoliative dermatitis
33. fatigue
34. fever
35. flushing
36. flushing
37. flushing
38. gingivitis
39. glossitis
40. headache
41. hearing loss
42. hemolytic anemia
43. hepatic failure
44. hepatitis
45. hyperbilirubinemia
46. hyperesthesia
47. hypermagnesemia
48. increased intracranial pressure
49. infection
50. infertility
51. influenza
52. injection site reaction
53. interstitial nephritis
54. Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
55. jaundice
56. leukopenia
57. lupus-like symptoms
58. lymphadenopathy
59. maculopapular rash
60. malaise
61. myalgia
62. myocarditis
63. nail discoloration
64. nausea
65. neutropenia
66. new primary malignancy
67. odynophagia
68. oral ulceration
69. pancreatitis
70. pancytopenia
71. paresthesias
72. pericarditis
73. pharyngitis
74. phlebitis
75. photosensitivity
76. pneumonitis
77. pruritus
78. pseudomembranous colitis
79. pseudotumor cerebri
80. purpura
81. rash
82. renal failure (unspecified)
83. seizures
84. serum sickness
85. skin hyperpigmentation
86. spermatogenesis inhibition
87. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
88. stomatitis
89. superinfection
90. telangiectasia
91. telangiectasia
92. teratogenesis
93. thrombocytopenia
94. tinnitus
95. tongue discoloration
96. tooth discoloration
97. toxic epidermal necrolysis
98. urticaria
99. vaginitis
100. vasculitis
101. vertigo
102. vomiting
103. xerosis
104. xerosis
105. xerosis
106. xerostomia

Monitoring Parameters

• LFTs
• serum creatinine/BUN

Contraindications

• autoimmune disease
• AV block
• breast-feeding
• cardiac disease
• children
• colitis
• dental work
• diarrhea
• driving or operating machinery
• geriatric
• GI disease
• hepatic disease
• hepatitis
• hepatotoxicity
• increased intracranial pressure
• infants
• infertility
• inflammatory bowel disease
• neonates
• papilledema
• pregnancy
• pseudomembranous colitis
• pseudotumor cerebri
• renal failure
• renal impairment
• reproductive risk
• serious rash
• sexually transmitted disease
• sunlight (UV) exposure
• tetracyclines hypersensitivity
• tobacco smoking
• ulcerative colitis
• visual disturbance

False elevations of urinary catecholamine levels may occur during minocycline therapy due to interference with the fluorescence test

Interactions

• Acetaminophen; Butalbital
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
• Acetaminophen; Codeine
• Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
• Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
• Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
• Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
• Acetaminophen; Pentazocine
• Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
• Acitretin
• Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
• Alfentanil
• Alprazolam
• Aluminum Hydroxide
• Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Carbonate
• Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide
• Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide; Simethicone
• Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Trisilicate
• Amide local anesthetics
• Amitriptyline
• Amitriptyline; Chlordiazepoxide
• Amobarbital
• Amoxapine
• Amoxicillin
• Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Lansoprazole
• Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Omeprazole
• Amoxicillin; Clavulanic Acid
• Ampicillin
• Ampicillin; Sulbactam
• Antacids
• Articaine; Epinephrine
• Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate
• Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
• Atropine; Difenoxin
• Atropine; Diphenoxylate
• Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine
• Barbiturates
• Belladonna Alkaloids; Ergotamine; Phenobarbital
• Belladonna; Opium
• Benzodiazepines
• Bexarotene
• Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
• Bismuth Subsalicylate
• Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
• Brompheniramine
• Brompheniramine; Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine
• Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin
• Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Brompheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone
• Brompheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Brompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
• Bupivacaine
• Bupivacaine Liposomal
• Bupivacaine; Lidocaine
• Buprenorphine
• Buprenorphine; Naloxone
• Butabarbital
• Butorphanol
• Calcium
• Calcium Acetate
• Calcium Carbonate
• Calcium Carbonate; Magnesium Hydroxide
• Calcium Carbonate; Risedronate
• Calcium Carbonate; Simethicone
• Calcium Chloride
• Calcium Gluconate
• Calcium; Vitamin D
• Carbenicillin
• Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine
• Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
• Carbetapentane; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
• Carbetapentane; Guaifenesin
• Carbetapentane; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
• Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine
• Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine; Pyrilamine
• Carbetapentane; Pseudoephedrine
• Carbetapentane; Pyrilamine
• Carbinoxamine
• Carbinoxamine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Carbinoxamine; Phenylephrine
• Carbinoxamine; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlophedianol; Dexbrompheniramine
• Chlophedianol; Dexchlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorcyclizine
• Chlordiazepoxide
• Chlordiazepoxide; Clidinium
• Chloroprocaine
• Chlorpheniramine
• Chlorpheniramine; Codeine
• Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan
• Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone
• Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpromazine
• Cholestyramine
• Chromium
• Clemastine
• Clomipramine
• Clonazepam
• Clorazepate
• Cocaine
• Codeine
• Codeine; Guaifenesin
• Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine
• Codeine; Promethazine
• Colesevelam
• Colestipol
• Cyclizine
• Cyproheptadine
• Desipramine
• Dexchlorpheniramine
• Dexchlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Dextromethorphan; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
• Dextromethorphan; Promethazine
• Diazepam
• Dicloxacillin
• Didanosine, ddI
• Dienogest; Estradiol valerate
• Digoxin
• Dihydrocodeine; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
• Dimenhydrinate
• Diphenhydramine
• Diphenhydramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
• Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
• Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
• Doxepin
• Doxylamine
• Doxylamine; Pyridoxine
• Drospirenone
• Drospirenone; Estradiol
• Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol
• Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Levomefolate
• Elagolix; Estradiol; Norethindrone acetate
• Enflurane
• Estazolam
• Ester local anesthetics
• Estradiol
• Estradiol Cypionate; Medroxyprogesterone
• Estradiol; Levonorgestrel
• Estradiol; Norethindrone
• Estradiol; Norgestimate
• Ethinyl Estradiol
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Desogestrel
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethynodiol Diacetate
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Etonogestrel
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Ferrous bisglycinate
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Folic Acid; Levomefolate
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Norelgestromin
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate; Ferrous fumarate
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone; Ferrous fumarate
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestimate
• Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestrel
• Etomidate
• Fentanyl
• Fluphenazine
• Flurazepam
• Fospropofol
• General anesthetics
• Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone
• Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Halobetasol; Tazarotene
• Halothane
• Heparin
• Hetastarch; Dextrose; Electrolytes
• Heterocyclic antidepressants
• Homatropine; Hydrocodone
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Quinapril
• Hydrocodone
• Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
• Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate
• Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate; Pseudoephedrine
• Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Hydromorphone
• Hydroxyzine
• Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
• Imipramine
• Insoluble Prussian Blue
• Iron
• Iron Salts
• Iron Sucrose, Sucroferric Oxyhydroxide
• Isoflurane
• Isotretinoin
• Ketamine
• Lanthanum Carbonate
• Leuprolide; Norethindrone
• Levobupivacaine
• Levonorgestrel
• Levorphanol
• Lidocaine
• Lidocaine; Prilocaine
• Lomitapide
• Lorazepam
• Magnesium
• Magnesium Citrate
• Magnesium Hydroxide
• Magnesium Salts
• Maprotiline
• Meclizine
• Meperidine
• Meperidine; Promethazine
• Mephobarbital
• Mepivacaine
• Mepivacaine; Levonordefrin
• Mesoridazine
• Mestranol; Norethindrone
• Methadone
• Methohexital
• Methotrexate
• Methoxsalen
• Midazolam
• Mipomersen
• Molindone
• Morphine
• Morphine; Naltrexone
• Nafcillin
• Nalbuphine
• Nefazodone
• Neuromuscular blockers
• Norethindrone
• Norgestrel
• Nortriptyline
• Omeprazole; Amoxicillin; Rifabutin
• Omeprazole; Sodium Bicarbonate
• Opiate Agonists
• Oral Contraceptives
• Oxacillin
• Oxazepam
• Oxycodone
• Oxymorphone
• Penicillin G
• Penicillin G Benzathine
• Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Procaine
• Penicillin G Procaine
• Penicillin V
• Penicillins
• Pentazocine
• Pentazocine; Naloxone
• Pentobarbital
• Perphenazine
• Perphenazine; Amitriptyline
• Pexidartinib
• Phenobarbital
• Phenothiazines
• Phenylephrine; Promethazine
• Photosensitizing agents (topical)
• Piperacillin
• Piperacillin; Tazobactam
• Polycarbophil
• Polysaccharide-Iron Complex
• Porfimer
• Prilocaine
• Prilocaine; Epinephrine
• Primidone
• Procaine
• Prochlorperazine
• Promethazine
• Propofol
• Propoxyphene
• Protriptyline
• Pyridostigmine
• Quazepam
• Quinapril
• Remifentanil
• Riluzole
• Ropivacaine
• Secobarbital
• Sedating H1-blockers
• Segesterone Acetate; Ethinyl Estradiol
• Sevoflurane
• Sodium Bicarbonate
• Sodium Ferric Gluconate Complex; ferric pyrophosphate citrate
• Sodium picosulfate; Magnesium oxide; Anhydrous citric acid
• St. John’s Wort, Hypericum perforatum
• Sucralfate
• Sufentanil
• Sulfonylureas
• Tazarotene
• Temazepam
• Tetracaine
• Thiethylperazine
• Thiopental
• Thioridazine
• Ticarcillin
• Ticarcillin; Clavulanic Acid
• Tretinoin, ATRA
• Triazolam
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• Trifluoperazine
• Trimipramine
• Triprolidine
• Verteporfin
• Warfarin
• Zinc
• Zinc Salts