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Minoxidil Brand Names- Loniten | Rogaine
What is Minoxidil
Oral minoxidil (Loniten) is an antihypertensive agent; topical minoxidil (Rogaine) is used for alopecia.
Topical minoxidil is likely effective in producing moderate hair growth in approximately 30% of men and 60% of women with common hereditary hair loss.
Lesser growth or a halt in the worsening of alopecia are also frequent outcomes.
Due to its potency and adverse reactions, oral minoxidil is used mainly for patients with severe, drug-resistant forms of hypertension. Tolerance to prolonged therapy with oral minoxidil does not appear to be a problem. Although the oral dosage form was originally approved in October 1979 for use in hypertension, minoxidil was first discovered in 1965.
In August 1988 the topical formulation was approved for of alopecia. After declining Upjohn permission to market topical minoxidil as a non-prescription drug in July 1994, the 2% topical solution was subsequently approved for over-the-counter use in men with alopecia in February 1996.
In September 1996, Pharmacia and Upjohn petitioned the FDA to increase the topical solution formulation from 2% to 5%; the higher-strength solution has been shown to elicit a more rapid hair growth response (8 weeks vs. 16 weeks) and to regrow an average of 45% more hair than Rogaine Regular Strength.
The 5% topical solution (Rogaine Extra Strength) for common hereditary hair loss was approved FDA in November 1997. Approval to market 2% topical solution to women was granted October 1996.
Minoxidil foam (Men’s Rogaine Foam) was approved for men in January 2006; potential advantages over the solution formulation include the absence of propylene glycol (potential irritant), ability to limit spread of medication, and less time to dry after application.
Indications
- alopecia
- anal fissures
- hypertension
- scleroderma renal crisis
Side Effects
- angina
- bullous rash
- cardiac tamponade
- contact dermatitis
- edema
- erythema
- headache
- heart failure
- hypertrichosis
- hypotension
- leukopenia
- mastalgia
- nausea
- pericardial effusion
- pericarditis
- peripheral edema
- pruritus
- sinus tachycardia
- sodium retention
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- thrombocytopenia
- vomiting
- xerosis
Monitoring Parameters
- blood pressure
- heart rate
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- acute myocardial infarction
- angina
- breast-feeding
- cardiac disease
- cardiac tamponade
- cerebrovascular disease
- coronary artery disease
- geriatric
- heart failure
- hypotension
- orthostatic hypotension
- pericardial effusion
- peripheral edema
- pheochromocytoma
- pregnancy
- pulmonary hypertension
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- requires a specialized care setting
- skin abrasion
Minoxidil is contraindicated in patients with a history of minoxidil hypersensitivity.
Interactions
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Dichloralphenazone; Isometheptene
- Acetaminophen; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
- Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
- Aldesleukin, IL-2
- Alemtuzumab
- Aliskiren
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Valsartan
- Alprostadil
- Ambrisentan
- Amifostine
- Amobarbital
- Amphetamine
- Amphetamine; Dextroamphetamine
- Amyl Nitrite
- Apomorphine
- Apraclonidine
- Aripiprazole
- Articaine; Epinephrine
- Asenapine
- Baclofen
- Belladonna Alkaloids; Ergotamine; Phenobarbital
- Benzphetamine
- Bortezomib
- Brompheniramine; Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine
- Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Brompheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Brompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Cabergoline
- Caffeine; Ergotamine
- Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
- Carbetapentane; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Carbetapentane; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine
- Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine; Pyrilamine
- Carbetapentane; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbidopa; Levodopa
- Carbidopa; Levodopa; Entacapone
- Carbinoxamine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Carbinoxamine; Phenylephrine
- Carbinoxamine; Pseudoephedrine
- Cariprazine
- Cetirizine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlophedianol; Dexchlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlophedianol; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Chloroprocaine
- Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
- Chlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
- Clozapine
- Co-Enzyme Q10, Ubiquinone
- Cocaine
- Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine
- Conjugated Estrogens
- Conjugated Estrogens; Bazedoxifene
- Conjugated Estrogens; Medroxyprogesterone
- Desloratadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Dexchlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Dexmedetomidine
- Dexmethylphenidate
- Dextroamphetamine
- Dextromethorphan; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Dextromethorphan; Quinidine
- Dienogest; Estradiol valerate
- Diethylpropion
- Diethylstilbestrol, DES
- Dihydrocodeine; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Dihydroergotamine
- Diphenhydramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Dobutamine
- Dopamine
- Drospirenone; Estradiol
- Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol
- Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Levomefolate
- Duloxetine
- Elagolix; Estradiol; Norethindrone acetate
- Enflurane
- Ephedrine
- Epinephrine
- Epoprostenol
- Ergonovine
- Ergotamine
- Esterified Estrogens
- Esterified Estrogens; Methyltestosterone
- Estradiol
- Estradiol Cypionate; Medroxyprogesterone
- Estradiol; Levonorgestrel
- Estradiol; Norethindrone
- Estradiol; Norgestimate
- Estradiol; Progesterone
- Estrogens
- Estropipate
- Ethinyl Estradiol
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Desogestrel
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethynodiol Diacetate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Etonogestrel
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Ferrous bisglycinate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Folic Acid; Levomefolate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norelgestromin
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate; Ferrous fumarate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone; Ferrous fumarate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestimate
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestrel
- Etomidate
- Fexofenadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Dietary Supplements)
- Fluoxetine; Olanzapine
- Fospropofol
- General anesthetics
- Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
- Haloperidol
- Halothane
- Hydralazine; Isosorbide Dinitrate, ISDN
- Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate; Pseudoephedrine
- Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Iloperidone
- Iloprost
- Intravenous Lipid Emulsions
- Isocarboxazid
- Isoflurane
- Isoproterenol
- Isosorbide Dinitrate, ISDN
- Isosorbide Mononitrate
- Ketamine
- Levodopa
- Lisdexamfetamine
- Lofexidine
- Loratadine; Pseudoephedrine
- Lovastatin; Niacin
- Lurasidone
- Mepivacaine; Levonordefrin
- Mestranol; Norethindrone
- Methamphetamine
- Methohexital
- Methylphenidate
- Midodrine
- Milrinone
- Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
- Nesiritide, BNP
- Niacin, Niacinamide
- Niacin; Simvastatin
- Nitrates
- Nitroglycerin
- Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
- Norepinephrine
- Olanzapine
- Oxymetazoline
- Paliperidone
- Pemoline
- Pentoxifylline
- Phendimetrazine
- Phenelzine
- Phentermine
- Phentermine; Topiramate
- Phenylephrine
- Phenylephrine; Promethazine
- Prazosin
- Prilocaine; Epinephrine
- Procainamide
- Procaine
- Propofol
- Pseudoephedrine
- Quinidine
- Racepinephrine
- Rasagiline
- Risperidone
- Ritodrine
- Segesterone Acetate; Ethinyl Estradiol
- Selegiline
- Sevoflurane
- Silodosin
- Sympathomimetics
- Tetracaine
- Thiopental
- Thiothixene
- Tizanidine
- Tranylcypromine
- Trazodone
- Yohimbine
- Ziprasidone
