Methohexital Brand Name– Brevital
What is Methohexital
Methohexital is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate similar to thiopental.
Methohexital has a faster onset of action and recovery time than does thiopental, and it is twice as potent.
Although methohexital is highly lipophilic, it exhibits minimal accumulation in fatty tissues and thus has a shorter duration of action than do most thiobarbiturates.
Methohexital can be used alone as an anesthetic for short procedures that are relatively painless, as an inducing agent, or as an adjunct to regional anesthesia. It does not provide muscle relaxation but can be used concomitantly with muscle relaxants without complication.
Postanesthesia excitatory phenomena occur more frequently with methohexital than with thiopental.
Methohexital received FDA approval in 1960.
Indications
- general anesthesia induction
- general anesthesia maintenance
For general anesthesia induction and general anesthesia maintenance
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anxiety
- apnea
- bronchospasm
- cardiac arrest
- cough
- delirium
- drowsiness
- dyspnea
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- erythema
- headache
- hiccups
- hypersalivation
- hypotension
- hypoventilation
- injection site reaction
- laryngospasm
- nausea
- phlebitis
- pruritus
- psychomotor impairment
- respiratory arrest
- respiratory depression
- restlessness
- rhinitis
- seizures
- shivering
- sinus tachycardia
- skin irritation
- skin necrosis
- skin ulcer
- thrombosis
- urticaria
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- laboratory monitoring not necessary
Contraindications
- adrenal insufficiency
- agranulocytosis
- anemia
- barbiturate hypersensitivity
- breast-feeding
- carbamazepine hypersensitivity
- cardiac disease
- children
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- CNS depression
- coadministration with other CNS depressants
- depression
- driving or operating machinery
- ethanol ingestion
- ethanol intoxication
- exfoliative dermatitis
- extravasation
- geriatric
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- hepatic encephalopathy
- hydantoin hypersensitivity
- hypertension
- hypotension
- infants
- intraarterial administration
- labor
- mental status changes
- myxedema
- neonates
- neuromuscular disease
- obesity
- obstetric delivery
- peripheral vascular disease
- porphyria
- pregnancy
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- requires a specialized care setting
- requires an experienced clinician
- respiratory depression
- respiratory insufficiency
- seizure disorder
- seizures
- shock
- sleep apnea
- status asthmaticus
- status epilepticus
- subcutaneous administration
- suicidal ideation
- tachycardia
- uremia
Interactions
- Abemaciclib
- Acetaminophen
- Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Dichloralphenazone; Isometheptene
- Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
- Acetaminophen; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
- Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
- Acetaminophen; Pentazocine
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- Amlodipine; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Telmisartan
- Amlodipine; Valsartan
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