Magnesium Salts

Magnesium Salts Brand Names

Mag-64 | Mag-G | MagGel 600 | Magonate | MagOx 400 | Mag-SR | Mag-Tab SR | Magtrate | Phillips Cramp-Free | Uro-Mag

What is Magnesium Salts

Magnesium sulfate is the most commonly used of the magnesium salts and can be administered orally or parenterally. It is used orally as a laxative and parenterally as a neuromuscular depressant or to treat hypomagnesemia.

Oral magnesium sulfate belongs to the class of saline laxatives, which are used primarily to empty the bowel before surgery or radiologic, proctoscopic, or sigmoidoscopic procedures.

Magnesium sulfate is also a useful cathartic in combination with charcoal to treat acute drug overdose because charcoal will not bind inorganic compounds like magnesium sulfate.

The primary use of parenteral magnesium sulfate is to prevent and control seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia. Parenteral magnesium sulfate is also useful in controlling seizures due to epilepsy, glomerulonephritis, or hypothyroidism.

Parenteral magnesium may also be considered in the treatment of cardiac glycoside-induced arrhythmias.

Routine use of magnesium for cardiac arrest is not recommended. Magnesium may be considered for torsades de pointes (i.e., polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with a long QT interval).

Indications

1. bowel preparation
2. cardiac arrest
3. cardiac glycoside-induced arrhythmias
4. cardiopulmonary resuscitation
5. constipation
6. digoxin toxicity
7. dysautonomia
8. dyspepsia
9. eclampsia
10. eclampsia prophylaxis
11. hypertension
12. hypomagnesemia
13. muscle spasm
14. nephritis-associated hypertension
15. nephritis-associated seizures
16. nutritional supplementation
17. persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
18. preeclampsia
19. premature labor
20. seizure prophylaxis
21. status asthmaticus
22. tetanus
23. torsade de pointes
24. ventricular fibrillation
25. ventricular tachycardia

Elemental Magnesium Content

One (1) gram of the various magnesium salts contain the following amounts of elemental magnesium:

• magnesium chloride: 120 mg (9.8 mEq) elemental magnesium.
• magnesium gluconate: 54 mg (4.5 mEq) elemental magnesium.
• magnesium lactate: 120 mg (10 mEq) elemental magnesium.
• magnesium oxide: 603 mg (50.3 mEq) elemental magnesium.
• magnesium sulfate: 98 mg (8.12 mEq) elemental magnesium.

Side Effects

1. aluminum toxicity
2. AV block
3. bradycardia
4. cardiac arrest
5. diaphoresis
6. diarrhea
7. flushing
8. hypermagnesemia
9. hypocalcemia
10. hyporeflexia
11. hypotension
12. hypothermia
13. injection site reaction
14. muscle paralysis
15. respiratory arrest
16. respiratory depression
17. weakness

Monitoring Parameters

• serum creatinine/BUN
• serum magnesium

Contraindications

• AV block
• breast-feeding
• cardiac disease
• dehydration
• electrolyte imbalance
• GI obstruction
• hypermagnesemia
• ileus
• pregnancy
• renal disease
• renal failure
• renal impairment

Interactions

• Abacavir; Dolutegravir; Lamivudine
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
• Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
• Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
• Acetaminophen; Codeine
• Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
• Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
• Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
• Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
• Acetaminophen; Pentazocine
• Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
• Acetazolamide
• Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
• Alendronate
• Alendronate; Cholecalciferol
• Alfentanil
• Alprazolam
• Amide local anesthetics
• Amitriptyline
• Amitriptyline; Chlordiazepoxide
• Amlodipine; Benazepril
• Amlodipine; Celecoxib
• Amobarbital
• Amoxapine
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
• Articaine; Epinephrine
• Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
• Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
• Atracurium
• Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine
• Barbiturates
• Belladonna Alkaloids; Ergotamine; Phenobarbital
• Belladonna; Opium
• Benazepril
• Benazepril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
• Benzodiazepines
• Benzonatate
• Bictegravir; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide
• Brompheniramine
• Brompheniramine; Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine
• Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin
• Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Brompheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone
• Brompheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Brompheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
• Bupivacaine
• Bupivacaine Liposomal
• Bupivacaine; Lidocaine
• Buprenorphine
• Buprenorphine; Naloxone
• Butabarbital
• Butorphanol
• Calcium Carbonate; Risedronate
• Calcium; Vitamin D
• Captopril
• Captopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
• Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine
• Carbetapentane; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
• Carbetapentane; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
• Carbetapentane; Phenylephrine; Pyrilamine
• Carbetapentane; Pyrilamine
• Carbinoxamine
• Carbinoxamine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Carbinoxamine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Carbinoxamine; Phenylephrine
• Carbinoxamine; Pseudoephedrine
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
• Cardiac glycosides
• Cefdinir
• Cefditoren
• Celecoxib
• Chlophedianol; Dexbrompheniramine
• Chlophedianol; Dexchlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorcyclizine
• Chlordiazepoxide
• Chlordiazepoxide; Clidinium
• Chlorpheniramine
• Chlorpheniramine; Codeine
• Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan
• Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone
• Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine
• Chlorpheniramine; Pseudoephedrine
• Chlorpromazine
• Ciprofloxacin
• Cisatracurium
• Clemastine
• Clomipramine
• Clonazepam
• Clorazepate
• Codeine
• Codeine; Guaifenesin
• Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine
• Codeine; Promethazine
• Cyclizine
• Cyproheptadine
• Delafloxacin
• Desipramine
• Dexchlorpheniramine
• Dexchlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
• Dextromethorphan; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
• Dextromethorphan; Promethazine
• Diazepam
• Diclofenac
• Diclofenac; Misoprostol
• Diflunisal
• Digitoxin
• Digoxin
• Dihydrocodeine; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine
• Dimenhydrinate
• Diphenhydramine
• Diphenhydramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
• Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
• Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
• Dolutegravir
• Dolutegravir; Lamivudine
• Dolutegravir; Rilpivirine
• Doxacurium
• Doxepin
• Doxylamine
• Doxylamine; Pyridoxine
• Edetate Calcium Disodium, Calcium EDTA
• Edetate Disodium, Disodium EDTA
• Eltrombopag
• Enalapril, Enalaprilat
• Enalapril; Felodipine
• Enalapril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
• Enflurane
• Ergocalciferol, Vitamin D2
• Esomeprazole; Naproxen
• Estazolam
• Ethanol
• Etidronate
• Etodolac
• Etomidate
• Famotidine; Ibuprofen
• Fenoprofen
• Fentanyl
• Fluphenazine
• Flurazepam
• Flurbiprofen
• Fosinopril
• Fosinopril; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
• Fospropofol
• Gallium Ga 68 Dotatate
• Gemifloxacin
• General anesthetics
• Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone
• Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Halothane
• Heterocyclic antidepressants
• Homatropine; Hydrocodone
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Lisinopril
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Moexipril
• Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Quinapril
• Hydrocodone
• Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
• Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
• Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate
• Hydrocodone; Potassium Guaiacolsulfonate; Pseudoephedrine
• Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine
• Hydromorphone
• Hydroxyzine
• Ibandronate
• Ibuprofen
• Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
• Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
• Imipramine
• Indomethacin
• Isocarboxazid
• Isoflurane
• Ketamine
• Ketoprofen
• Ketorolac
• Lactulose
• Lansoprazole; Naproxen
• Levobupivacaine
• Levofloxacin
• Levorphanol
• Levothyroxine
• Levothyroxine; Liothyronine (Porcine)
• Levothyroxine; Liothyronine (Synthetic)
• Lidocaine
• Lidocaine; Prilocaine
• Liothyronine
• Lisinopril
• Lomefloxacin
• Loop diuretics
• Lorazepam
• Magnesium Citrate
• Mannitol
• Maprotiline
• Meclizine
• Meclofenamate Sodium
• Mefenamic Acid
• Meloxicam
• Meperidine
• Meperidine; Promethazine
• Mephobarbital
• Mepivacaine
• Mepivacaine; Levonordefrin
• Mesoridazine
• Methadone
• Methazolamide
• Methohexital
• Midazolam
• Mivacurium
• Moexipril
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
• Morphine
• Morphine; Naltrexone
• Moxifloxacin
• Nabumetone
• Nalbuphine
• Naproxen
• Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine
• Naproxen; Sumatriptan
• Nefazodone
• Neuromuscular blockers
• Nifedipine
• Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
• Norfloxacin
• Nortriptyline
• Ofloxacin
• Opiate Agonists
• Opiate Agonists-Antagonists
• Oxaprozin
• Oxazepam
• Oxycodone
• Oxymorphone
• Pancuronium
• Pentazocine
• Pentazocine; Naloxone
• Pentobarbital
• Perindopril
• Perindopril; Amlodipine
• Perphenazine
• Perphenazine; Amitriptyline
• Phenelzine
• Phenobarbital
• Phenothiazines
• Phenylephrine; Promethazine
• Phosphorus
• Piroxicam
• Polycarbophil
• Potassium-sparing diuretics
• Prilocaine
• Prilocaine; Epinephrine
• Primidone
• Prochlorperazine
• Promethazine
• Propofol
• Propoxyphene
• Protriptyline
• Pyridostigmine
• Quazepam
• Quinapril
• Ramipril
• Rapacuronium
• Remifentanil
• Risedronate
• Rocuronium
• Rofecoxib
• Ropivacaine
• Secobarbital
• Sedating H1-blockers
• Sevoflurane
• Sodium Fluoride
• Succinylcholine
• Sufentanil
• Sulindac
• Temazepam
• Tetracyclines
• Thiazide diuretics
• Thiethylperazine
• Thiopental
• Thioridazine
• Thyroid hormones
• Tiludronate
• Tolmetin
• Trandolapril
• Trandolapril; Verapamil
• Tranylcypromine
• Triazolam
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• Trientine
• Trifluoperazine
• Trimipramine
• Triprolidine
• Tubocurarine
• Valdecoxib
• Vecuronium
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin D analogs