Fomepizole Brand Name– Antizol
What is Fomepizole
Fomepizole is a synthetic parenteral alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor. It is the first treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning approved in the United States. Ethylene glycol is a highly toxic component of antifreeze, brake fluids, and automotive coolants.
Based on clinical studies, fomepizole effectively blocks formation of toxic ethylene glycol metabolites responsible for metabolic acidosis and renal damage seen in ethylene glycol poisoning.
Final FDA approval was granted on December 8, 1997 for treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning.
A subsequent approval was granted by the FDA for treatment of methanol poisoning on December 11, 2000.
Indications
- ethylene glycol poisoning
- methanol poisoning
For the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning or methanol poisoning, either alone or in combination with hemodialysis
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- agitation
- anemia
- anorexia
- anuria
- anxiety
- back pain
- blurred vision
- bradycardia
- diarrhea
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dyspepsia
- eosinophilia
- fever
- flushing
- headache
- hiccups
- hypotension
- injection site reaction
- metallic taste
- nausea
- nystagmus
- pharyngitis
- phlebitis
- pyrosis (heartburn)
- rash
- seizures
- sinus tachycardia
- vertigo
- visual impairment
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- arterial blood gases (ABGs)
- ECG
- EEG
- plasma ethylene glycol
- serum creatinine/BUN
- serum electrolytes
- urinalysis
- urinary ethylene glycol
- urinary oxylate crystals
- WBC
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- children
- geriatric
- pregnancy
- renal disease
- renal impairment
Interactions
- Carbamazepine
- Cimetidine
- Ethanol
- Ketoconazole
- Phenytoin