Cefoxitin Brand Name– Mefoxin
What is Cefoxitin
Cefoxitin is a parenteral cephamycin antibiotic that is used for the treatment of serious lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, intra-abdominal, gynecological, bone and joint, or skin and skin structure infections in addition to septicemia and for surgical infection prophylaxis.
Although not technically a cephalosporin, because of cefoxitin’s spectrum of activity, it is often classified as a second-generation cephalosporin.
Cefoxitin has added stability against the beta-lactamases, providing better resistance to certain gram-negative species compared to first-generation cephalosporins. Cefoxitin has also been found to be a potent inducer of beta-lactamases.
Cefoxitin was FDA-approved in 1978.
Indications
- bacteremia
- Bacteroides fragilis
- Bacteroides ovatus
- Bacteroides sp.
- Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
- bone and joint infections
- cervicitis
- Clostridium perfringens
- Clostridium sp.
- Eikenella corrodens
- endometritis
- Escherichia coli
- Fusobacterium sp.
- gonorrhea
- gynecologic infections
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative)
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive)
- intraabdominal abscess
- intraabdominal infections
- Klebsiella oxytoca
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Klebsiella sp.
- lower respiratory tract infections
- lung abscess
- Morganella morganii
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Parabacteroides distasonis
- pelvic cellulitis
- pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Peptococcus niger
- Peptococcus sp.
- Peptostreptococcus sp.
- peritonitis
- pneumonia
- Prevotella bivia
- Proteus mirabilis
- Proteus vulgaris
- Providencia rettgeri
- Providencia sp.
- Salmonella sp.
- Shigella sp.
- skin and skin structure infections
- Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
- Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci)
- surgical infection prophylaxis
- tubo-ovarian abscess
- urethritis
- urinary tract infection (UTI)
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- agranulocytosis
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anemia
- angioedema
- aplastic anemia
- azotemia
- bleeding
- candidiasis
- cholestasis
- colitis
- diarrhea
- dyspnea
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- eosinophilia
- erythema multiforme
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fever
- flushing
- hemolytic anemia
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hypotension
- injection site reaction
- interstitial nephritis
- jaundice
- leukopenia
- myasthenia
- nausea
- neutropenia
- pancytopenia
- phlebitis
- pruritus
- pseudomembranous colitis
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- seizures
- serum sickness
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- superinfection
- thrombocytopenia
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- urticaria
- vaginitis
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- carbapenem hypersensitivity
- cephalosporin hypersensitivity
- coagulopathy
- colitis
- diarrhea
- geriatric
- GI disease
- inflammatory bowel disease
- laboratory test interference
- myasthenia gravis
- penicillin hypersensitivity
- pregnancy
- pseudomembranous colitis
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- sexually transmitted disease
- ulcerative colitis
- viral infection
- vitamin K deficiency
Interactions
- Amikacin
- Aminoglycosides
- Gentamicin
- Kanamycin
- Loop diuretics
- Oral Contraceptives
- Paromomycin
- Plazomicin
- Sodium picosulfate; Magnesium oxide; Anhydrous citric acid
- Streptomycin
- Tobramycin
- Warfarin
