Capecitabine Brand Name– Xeloda
What is Capecitabine
Capecitabine is a unique antineoplastic agent. It is an orally administered prodrug of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5′-DFUR) which generates fluorouracil selectively in tumor cells.
Chemically, capecitabine is classified as a fluoropyrimidine carbamate. It was the first oral antineoplastic agent approved for the treatment of metastatic breast carcinoma.
In patients with metastatic breast cancer who were resistant to both paclitaxel and an anthracycline-containing chemotherapy regimen, a tumor response rate of about 25% has been observed.
However, no results are available from controlled trials in patients with breast cancer that demonstrate improvement in disease-related symptoms, disease progression, or survival.
Unlike many other antineoplastic agents, use of capecitabine has not been associated with alopecia, and myelosuppression is uncommon.
Capecitabine is FDA approved as monotherapy for the adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer and for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and metastatic breast cancer; it is FDA approved in combination with docetaxel for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
Indications
- biliary tract cancer
- breast cancer
- colorectal cancer
- gastric cancer
- ovarian cancer
- pancreatic cancer
For the treatment of metastatic breast cancer
for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer that is resistant to both paclitaxel and an anthracycline-containing chemotherapy regimen, or resistant to paclitaxel and for whom further anthracycline therapy is not indicated (e.g., patients who have received cumulative doses of 400 mg/m2 of doxorubicin or doxorubicin equivalent), as monotherapy
NOTE: Resistance is defined as progressive disease while on treatment regardless of an initial response or relapse within 6 months of treatment completion with an anthracycline-containing adjuvant regimen.
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- agranulocytosis
- alopecia
- anemia
- angina
- anorexia
- arrhythmia exacerbation
- arthralgia
- ascites
- asthenia
- ataxia
- atrial fibrillation
- back pain
- bleeding
- bone pain
- bradycardia
- candidiasis
- cardiac arrest
- cardiomyopathy
- cardiotoxicity
- chest pain (unspecified)
- cholestasis
- coagulopathy
- confusion
- conjunctivitis
- constipation
- cough
- dehydration
- depression
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- dysarthria
- dysgeusia
- dyspepsia
- dyspepsia
- dysphagia
- dyspnea
- edema
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- encephalopathy
- enterocolitis
- epistaxis
- erythema
- esophageal ulceration
- fatigue
- fever
- flushing
- GI bleeding
- headache
- heart failure
- hemoptysis
- hepatic failure
- hepatitis
- hepatotoxicity
- hoarseness
- hot flashes
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hypercalcemia
- hyperhidrosis
- hypertension
- hypertriglyceridemia
- hypoalbuminemia
- hypocalcemia
- hypoesthesia
- hypokalemia
- hypomagnesemia
- hyponatremia
- hypophosphatemia
- hypotension
- ileus
- infection
- influenza
- insomnia
- irritability
- jaundice
- keratitis
- keratoconjunctivitis
- lacrimation
- laryngitis
- lethargy
- leukoencephalopathy
- leukopenia
- loss of consciousness
- lupus-like symptoms
- lymphopenia
- migraine
- myalgia
- myocardial infarction
- myocarditis
- nail discoloration
- nausea
- neurotoxicity
- neutropenia
- ocular irritation
- onycholysis
- palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (hand and foot syndrome)
- pancytopenia
- paresthesias
- peptic ulcer
- pericardial effusion
- peripheral neuropathy
- phlebitis
- photosensitivity
- pleural effusion
- polydipsia
- pruritus
- pulmonary embolism
- purpura
- radiation recall reaction
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- rhinorrhea
- sinus tachycardia
- skin discoloration
- skin ulcer
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- stomatitis
- stroke
- supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
- syncope
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombosis
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- tremor
- typhlitis
- vertigo
- visual impairment
- vomiting
- weakness
- weight gain
- weight loss
- xerostomia
hepatic disease- herpes infection
- infection
- infertility
- nausea/vomiting
- pregnancy
- pregnancy testing
- radiation therapy
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- reproductive risk
- skin disease
- varicella
- viral infection
Interactions
- Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
- Allopurinol
- Aluminum Hydroxide
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Carbonate
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide; Simethicone
- Aluminum Hydroxide; Magnesium Trisilicate
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Lansoprazole
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Omeprazole
- Aspirin, ASA; Omeprazole
- Calcium Carbonate; Magnesium Hydroxide
- Carbetapentane; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Dexlansoprazole
- Dextromethorphan; Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Diclofenac
- Diclofenac; Misoprostol
- Diphenhydramine
- Diphenhydramine; Hydrocodone; Phenylephrine
- Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen
- Diphenhydramine; Naproxen
- Diphenhydramine; Phenylephrine
- Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Levomefolate
- Esomeprazole
- Esomeprazole; Naproxen
- Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Folic Acid; Levomefolate
- Famotidine; Ibuprofen
- Folic Acid, Vitamin B9
- food
- Fosphenytoin
- Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen
- Ibuprofen
- Ibuprofen; Oxycodone
- Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine
- Lansoprazole
- Lansoprazole; Naproxen
- Lesinurad; Allopurinol
- Leucovorin
- Levoleucovorin
- Levomefolate
- Magnesium Hydroxide
- Meloxicam
- Methadone
- Nateglinide
- Omeprazole
- Omeprazole; Amoxicillin; Rifabutin
- Omeprazole; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Palifermin
- Pantoprazole
- Penicillamine
- Phenytoin
- Proton pump inhibitors
- Rabeprazole
- Torsemide
- Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative, PPD
- Warfarin
