What is a urinoma, and what are its major risk factors?
A urinoma is a fluid collection composed of urine caused by leakage of urine from the urothelial system, which most commonly occurs in the perirenal space of the retroperitoneum. Major risk factors include urinary obstruction, trauma, surgery, and instrumentation. Urinomas are generally managed conservatively when small in size but may be treated with percutaneous drainage along with repair of underlying sites of urothelial injury when large or superinfected.