Important mechanisms of syncope

Important mechanisms of syncope

What are the three main mechanisms of syncope?

  • Orthostatic hypotension may be due to a reduction in vascular resistance, hypovolemia, drugs, chronic baroreflex failure, or a neurally mediated mechanism (vasovagal syncope triggered by pain or fear). Reflex syncope and vasodepressor syncope are synonymous with vasovagal syncope.
  • Fall in cardiac output may be due to cardiac arrhythmias, obstructions to flow, or myocardial infarction.
  • Increased cerebrovascular resistance may be due to hyperventilation or increased intracranial pressure.
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