How often is iron deficiency anemia caused by underlying chronic GI blood loss?
Approximately 60% of persons with iron deficiency will have an identifiable cause detected by EGD and colonoscopy:
- EGD demonstrates 36% (11% duodenal ulcer, 5% gastric ulcer, 3% anastomotic ulcer).
- Colonoscopy demonstrates 25% (cancer was most common cause).
- Diagnostic investigations should always be directed by symptoms and signs.
Non-GI causes should be considered as a potential cause of iron deficiency:
- Pregnancy
- Hematuria
- Celiac disease
- Menstrual bleeding
- Nutritional deficiencies
