How is neuroleptic malignant syndrome related to catatonia

How is neuroleptic malignant syndrome related to catatonia and how are these conditions treated? 

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is considered to be a drug-induced form of malignant catatonia.

These are medical emergencies with high fatality rates if not treated quickly.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the treatment of choice of these conditions.

While arranging for ECT, discontinue use of any dopamine blocking agents (neuroleptics), initiate treatment with benzodiazepines, provide supportive treatment (e.g., hydration, antipyretics, and antihypertensives), and monitor vitals and creatine kinase levels. 

Sources

Fricchione GL, Beach SR, Huffman JC, et al.: Life-threatening conditions in psychiatry: catatonia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and serotonin syndrome. In Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF (eds): Massachusetts General Hospital comprehensive clinical psychiatry. London: Elsevier, 2016, pp 608-617.

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