How is gastric variceal bleeding treated

How is gastric variceal bleeding treated? 

  • Gastric varices are generally not amenable to EBL or sclerotherapy (except those that extend from the esophagus to the lesser curvature; GOV1 varices).
  • Cyanoacrylate glue injection is an alternative endoscopic technique for gastric varices.
  • Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration or balloon-occluded anterograde transvenous obliteration are alternative radiologic procedures increasingly used for the management of gastric variceal bleeding in patients with hepatic encephalopathy, or contraindications to TIPS, in the presence of a gastrorenal shunt.
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