How is gastric variceal bleeding treated?
- Gastric varices are generally not amenable to EBL or sclerotherapy (except those that extend from the esophagus to the lesser curvature; GOV1 varices).
- Cyanoacrylate glue injection is an alternative endoscopic technique for gastric varices.
- Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration or balloon-occluded anterograde transvenous obliteration are alternative radiologic procedures increasingly used for the management of gastric variceal bleeding in patients with hepatic encephalopathy, or contraindications to TIPS, in the presence of a gastrorenal shunt.
