Entrapment Neuropathies

Entrapment Neuropathies

1. Entrapment neuropathies occur due to compression of nerves either in a narrow anatomic path or due to external pressure and result from a combination of compression and ischemia.

2. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy.

3. Knowledge of anatomy and predisposing factors are necessary for the accurate diagnosis of the entrapment neuropathies.

4. Most entrapment neuropathies of short duration can be treated conservatively.

Entrapment neuropathies occur due to external compression of a peripheral nerve within a narrow anatomic path. However, the term has since been expanded to encompass other compression syndromes due to external pressure. Metabolically compromised nerves, such as from diabetes, hypothyroidism, or alcoholism, are more vulnerable. Entrapment neuropathy injuries result from a combination of compression and ischemia. The nerve damage is characterized by physiologic slowing, demyelination, and remyelination.

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