Are nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas heritable?
- Less than 5% of NFAs are associated with hereditary syndromes, or germline mutations, which include multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and type 4 (MEN-1, MEN-4), familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA), or succinate dehydrogenase mutations.
- NFAs are an uncommon manifestation of FIPA (< 20%), but this should be considered in young patients (age < 30 years), particularly if associated with large or aggressive tumors and a positive family history of pituitary adenomas.
