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What is the adenoma carcinoma sequence?
The adenoma-carcinoma sequence refers to a series of genetic mutations whereby small adenomatous colon polyps (<5 mm) transform into large adenomatous polyps (>1 cm), noninvasive carcinomas, and then invasive carcinomas. This entire process takes, on average, 10 years, which serves as the basis for colorectal cancer screening. Up to 90% of colorectal carcinomas, predominantly adenocarcinomas, develop through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, rendering colorectal cancer a virtually preventable disease through regular screening.
What is the risk of malignancy in a colonic adenomatous polyp measuring <1 cm?
1%.
What is the risk of malignancy in a colonic adenomatous polyp measuring 1 cm?
10%.
