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What is Sodium Iodide I 131
Sodium iodide I-131 (Na131I), is an oral radioactive iodide isotope that is used both therapeutically and diagnostically. The radiopharmaceutical is selectively trapped by non-malignant and, to a lesser degree, malignant thyroid tissue.
Sodium iodide I-131 was approved in 1957 for radioactive iodide ablation in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and select cases of thyroid carcinoma. Radioiodide is not taken up by the majority of medullary and anaplastic carcinomas including giant cell and spindle cell carcinoma of the thyroid or amyloid solid carcinomas.
When used therapeutically, the preferred formulation and dosing regimen is highly physician specific.
Sodium iodide I-131 was also approved as a diagnostic aid in December 2005; the gamma and beta particle emissions are used to evaluate thyroid function via the radioactive iodine (RAI) uptake test and for thyroid imaging.
Indications & Dosage
- goiter
- Graves’ disease
- hyperthyroidism
- thyroid cancer
- thyroid function diagnosis
Side Effects
- alopecia
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anemia
- bronchospasm
- cerebral edema
- chest pain (unspecified)
- conjunctivitis
- cough
- diarrhea
- dysgeusia
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- epiphora
- erythema
- gastritis
- hyperthyroidism
- hypothyroidism
- infertility
- iododerma
- leukopenia
- nausea
- new primary malignancy
- pneumonitis
- pruritus
- pulmonary fibrosis
- rash
- sialadenitis
- sinus tachycardia
- throat irritation
- thrombocytopenia
- thyroid adenoma
- thyrotoxicosis
- vomiting
- xerophthalmia
- xerostomia
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC
- platelet count
- pregnancy testing
- red blood cell count (RBC)
- serum chloride
- serum creatinine/BUN
- thyroid function tests (TFTs)
Contraindications
- accidental exposure
- anticholinergic medications
- asthma
- bone marrow suppression
- breast-feeding
- cardiac disease
- children
- contraception requirements
- dehydration
- diarrhea
- geriatric
- hyperthyroidism
- hypochloremia
- infants
- infertility
- iodine hypersensitivity
- leukopenia
- medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)
- neonates
- neoplastic disease
- neutropenia
- ovarian failure
- potential for overdose or poisoning
- pregnancy
- pregnancy testing
- radiographic contrast administration
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- reproductive risk
- sulfite hypersensitivity
- thrombocytopenia
- vomiting
Interactions
No information is available regarding drug interactions associated with Sodium Iodide I-131