Saxagliptin

What is Saxagliptin

Saxagliptin is an oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in adults. DPP-4 inhibitors potentiate the effects of the incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), by inhibiting their breakdown by DPP-4.

Among treatment-naive adults receiving saxagliptin with a baseline mean hemoglobin A1C of 7.7% to 8%, the mean reduction in A1C was 0.7% to 0.9%; clinical trials pre-market reported mean A1C reductions of 0.4 to 0.5%.

Brand Name

Onglyza

Indications

• type 2 diabetes mellitus

Side Effects

• abdominal pain
• anaphylactoid reactions
• angioedema
• arthralgia
• bone fractures
• bullous rash
• exfoliative dermatitis
• headache
• heart failure
• hypoglycemia
• infection
• lymphopenia
• pancreatitis
• pemphigus
• peripheral edema
• pharyngitis
• rash
• renal failure (unspecified)
• rhabdomyolysis
• sinusitis
• thrombocytopenia
• urticaria
• vomiting

Monitoring Parameters

• blood glucose
• glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
• serum creatinine/BUN

Contraindications

• adrenal insufficiency
• arthralgia
• breast-feeding
• burns
• cardiac disease
• children
• diabetic ketoacidosis
• diarrhea
• exfoliative dermatitis
• fever
• gastroparesis
• geriatric
• GI obstruction
• heart failure
• history of angioedema
• hypercortisolism
• hyperglycemia
• hyperthyroidism
• hypoglycemia
• hypothyroidism
• ileus
• infection
• malnutrition
• pancreatitis
• pituitary insufficiency
• pregnancy
• renal disease
• renal failure
• renal impairment
• serious rash
• surgery
• trauma
• type 1 diabetes mellitus
• vomiting

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