Rosiglitazone

What is Rosiglitazone

Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent and a member of the group of drugs known as thiazolidinediones (TZDs), also called ‘insulin sensitizers’. TZDs specifically target insulin resistance, which is thought to be central to the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as dyslipidemia and hypertension in patients with DM.

Rosiglitazone is approved as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with Type 2 DM and is given once or twice daily.

Rosiglitazone monotherapy results in improvements in glycemic control as indicated by statistically significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1C. The TZDs, including rosiglitazone, cause or exacerbate congestive heart failure (HF) in some patients and are contraindicated in those with established NYHA Class III or IV HF

Brand Name

Avandia

Indications

• type 2 diabetes mellitus

For the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control

Side Effects

1. abdominal pain
2. anaphylactoid reactions
3. anemia
4. angina
5. angioedema
6. arthralgia
7. back pain
8. blurred vision
9. bone fractures
10. diarrhea
11. dyspnea
12. edema
13. elevated hepatic enzymes
14. fatigue
15. headache
16. heart failure
17. hepatic encephalopathy
18. hepatic failure
19. hepatic necrosis
20. hepatitis
21. hyperbilirubinemia
22. hypercholesterolemia
23. hypertension
24. hypoglycemia
25. infection
26. jaundice
27. macular edema
28. myocardial infarction
29. nausea
30. osteopenia
31. peripheral edema
32. pharyngitis
33. pleural effusion
34. pruritus
35. pulmonary edema
36. rash
37. sinusitis
38. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
39. urticaria
40. visual impairment
41. vomiting
42. weight gain

Monitoring Parameters

• blood glucose
• glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
• LFTs
• weight

Contraindications

• acute heart failure
• anemia
• angina
• bone fractures
• breast-feeding
• cardiac disease
• children
• contraception requirements
• diabetic ketoacidosis
• edema
• geriatric
• heart failure
• hepatic disease
• hypoglycemia
• infants
• jaundice
• menstrual irregularity
• myocardial infarction
• osteoporosis
• peripheral edema
• polycystic ovary syndrome
• pregnancy
• pulmonary edema
• type 1 diabetes mellitus

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