Perflutren Protein Type A Microspheres

Perflutren Protein Type A Microspheres Brand Name– Optison

What is Perflutren Protein Type A Microspheres

Perflutren protein type A microspheres is an intravenous diagnostic agent used with ultrasonography to produce an echogenic contrast effect in the blood. Specifically, perflutren protein type A microspheres is indicated for administration to patients with suboptimal echocardiograms to enhance visualization of left ventricular endocardial borders.

Perflutren is an octafluoropropane, a fluorocarbon gas, that is encapsulated within an albumin shell to optimize the size of the gas bubble (2 to 4.5 micrometers) and improve stability.

During ultrasound examination, the gas-filled microspheres produce a lower impedence to the acoustic waves than does the surrounding blood, resulting in ultrasound waves that are scattered and reflected at the microsphere-blood interface. In addition, at frequency used during echocardiograms (2 to 5 MHz), the microspheres resonate which further increases the ultrasound scattering and reflecting.

The ultimate effect is enhanced visualization of the ultrasound image.

Prior to drug administration, ensure resuscitation equipment and trained personnel are readily available.

Perflutren protein type A microspheres is associated with serious cardiopulmonary adverse reactions.

Perflutren protein type A microspheres was FDA-approved in 1997

Indications

• echocardiography
• ultrasound imaging

For use during echocardiography to enhance ultrasound imaging by opacifying the left ventricle and improving the delineation of the left ventricular endocardial borders

NOTE: Diagnostic echocardiography procedures that involve the use of this product should be carried out under the direction of a licensed practitioner having a thorough knowledge of the procedure and the safe use of the product.

Side Effects

1. anaphylactoid reactions
2. angioedema
3. arthralgia
4. atrial fibrillation
5. back pain
6. blurred vision
7. bradycardia
8. bronchospasm
9. cardiac arrest
10. cardiopulmonary reaction
11. chest pain (unspecified)
12. chills
13. coma
14. cough
15. dizziness
16. dysgeusia
17. dyspnea
18. eosinophilia
19. erythema
20. fatigue
21. fever
22. flushing
23. headache
24. hypotension
25. hypoxia
26. injection site reaction
27. irritability
28. malaise
29. myalgia
30. nausea
31. ocular irritation
32. palpitations
33. paresthesias
34. photophobia
35. pruritus
36. rash
37. respiratory arrest
38. seizures
39. sinus tachycardia
40. syncope
41. tinnitus
42. tremor
43. urticaria
44. vomiting
45. weakness
46. wheezing
47. xerostomia

Monitoring Parameters

• laboratory monitoring not necessary

Contraindications

• acute myocardial infarction
• albumin hypersensitivity
• arteriovenous shunt
• breast-feeding
• cardiopulmonary reaction
• children
• congenital heart disease
• coronary artery disease
• heart failure
• infants
• intraarterial administration
• neonates
• pregnancy
• ventricular arrhythmias
• viral infection

Interactions

There are no drug interactions associated with Perflutren Protein Type A Microspheres products.