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What is Oxacillin
Oxacillin is a semisynthetic antistaphylococcal penicillin.
Like other antistaphylococcal penicillins, oxacillin is stable against penicillinase, making it active against penicillinase-producing S. aureus.
As a result, its main use is for treating infections caused by this organism, including bacteremia, skin and soft-tissue infections, respiratory tract infections, bone and joint infections, and urinary tract infections.
Some clinicians consider oxacillin the parenteral agent of choice, since methicillin has a higher incidence of interstitial nephritis and nafcillin has a higher incidence of phlebitis when administered IV.
Oxacillin was approved by the FDA in 1962.
Indications
- bacteremia
- bone and joint infections
- cellulitis
- community-acquired pneumonia
- endocarditis
- infectious arthritis
- lower respiratory tract infections
- mastitis
- meningitis
- neonatal mastitis
- osteomyelitis
- pneumonia
- skin and skin structure infections
- Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
- Staphylococcus sp.
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- agranulocytosis
- anaphylactic shock
- anaphylactoid reactions
- angioedema
- arthralgia
- bronchospasm
- diarrhea
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- eosinophilia
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fever
- hematuria
- hepatitis
- hypotension
- injection site reaction
- interstitial nephritis
- laryngeal edema
- laryngospasm
- malaise
- myalgia
- nausea
- neutropenia
- phlebitis
- proteinuria
- pruritus
- pseudomembranous colitis
- rash
- renal tubular necrosis
- seizures
- serum sickness
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- stomatitis
- superinfection
- tongue discoloration
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- urticaria
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC with differential
- LFTs
- serum creatinine/BUN
- urinalysis
Contraindications
- asthma
- breast-feeding
- carbapenem hypersensitivity
- cephalosporin hypersensitivity
- colitis
- diarrhea
- eczema
- electrolyte imbalance
- geriatric
- GI disease
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- hypertension
- infants
- inflammatory bowel disease
- neonates
- penicillin hypersensitivity
- pregnancy
- pseudomembranous colitis
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- ulcerative colitis
Interactions
- Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Aspirin, ASA
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole
- Aspirin, ASA; Omeprazole
- Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
- Aspirin, ASA; Pravastatin
- Choline Salicylate; Magnesium Salicylate
- Colchicine; Probenecid
- Dichlorphenamide
- Digoxin
- Erythromycin; Sulfisoxazole
- Ethacrynic Acid
- Furosemide
- Indomethacin
- Magnesium Salicylate
- Methotrexate
- Oral Contraceptives
- Probenecid
- Pyrimethamine; Sulfadoxine
- Salsalate
- Sodium Benzoate; Sodium Phenylacetate
- Sodium picosulfate; Magnesium oxide; Anhydrous citric acid
- Sulfadiazine
- Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim, SMX-TMP, Cotrimoxazole
- Sulfasalazine
- Sulfisoxazole
- Sulfonamides
- Tetracyclines
- Typhoid Vaccine
- Warfarin
