Lamivudine 3TC Zidovudine Brand Name– Combivir
What is Lamivudine 3TC Zidovudine
Lamivudine 3TC Zidovudine is a combination product containing 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) with activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Lamivudine is also active against hepatitis B virus, but lamivudine; zidovudine is not indicated for this use. Due to the development of resistance, lamivudine; zidovudine must be used as part of a combination regimen.
Since this drug is available as 1 fixed-dose combination, it is not recommended for use in patients with reduced renal function (CrCl 50 mL/min or less), hepatic impairment, low body weight (less than 30 kg), or in those experiencing dose-limiting adverse reactions.
The FDA package labeling contains a Black Box Warnings regarding hematologic toxicity, myopathy, lactic acidosis, severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, and exacerbations of hepatitis B upon treatment discontinuation.
Indications
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prophylaxis
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- alopecia
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anemia
- anorexia
- arthralgia
- bone marrow suppression
- cardiomyopathy
- chills
- cough
- depression
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- dyspepsia
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- erythema multiforme
- fatigue
- fever
- headache
- hepatitis B exacerbation
- hepatomegaly
- hepatotoxicity
- hyperamylasemia
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hyperglycemia
- insomnia
- lactic acidosis
- lipodystrophy
- lymphadenopathy
- malaise
- musculoskeletal pain
- myalgia
- myopathy
- nausea
- neutropenia
- pancreatitis
- paresthesias
- peripheral neuropathy
- rash
- red cell aplasia
- rhabdomyolysis
- seizures
- splenomegaly
- steatosis
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- stomatitis
- thrombocytopenia
- urticaria
- vasculitis
- vitamin B12 deficiency
- vomiting
- weakness
- wheezing
Monitoring Parameters
- blood glucose
- CBC with differential
- CD4+ T cell count
- hepatitis B serology
- LFTs
- plasma hepatitis C RNA
- plasma HIV RNA
- pregnancy testing
- serum bilirubin (total and direct)
- serum cholesterol
- serum creatinine/BUN
- serum lipid profile
- urinalysis
Contraindications
- alcoholism
- anemia
- autoimmune disease
- bone marrow suppression
- breast-feeding
- children
- dental disease
- dental work
- females
- folate deficiency
- Graves’ disease
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- hepatic disease
- hepatitis B and HIV coinfection
- hepatitis B exacerbation
- hepatitis C and HIV coinfection
- hepatotoxicity or lactic acidosis
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection resistance
- immune reconstitution syndrome
- in utero exposure
- infants
- myopathy
- neonates
- neutropenia
- obesity
- pancreatitis
- peripheral neuropathy
- pregnancy
- radiation therapy
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- vitamin B12 deficiency
Interactions
- Acetaminophen
- Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Codeine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Doxylamine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Dichloralphenazone; Isometheptene
- Acetaminophen; Diphenhydramine
- Acetaminophen; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone
- Acetaminophen; Oxycodone
- Acetaminophen; Pentazocine
- Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
- Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Tramadol
- Adefovir
- Alogliptin; Metformin
- Amiloride
- Amiloride; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Lansoprazole
- Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Omeprazole
- Amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC)
- Atovaquone
- Atovaquone; Proguanil
- Azathioprine
- Benzhydrocodone; Acetaminophen
- Bictegravir; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide
- Bortezomib
- Cabozantinib
- Canagliflozin; Metformin
- Cidofovir
- Clarithromycin
- Clofarabine
- Colchicine; Probenecid
- Cyclophosphamide
- Dapagliflozin; Metformin
- Dapsone
- Darunavir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Dasabuvir; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Dofetilide
- Donepezil; Memantine
- Doxorubicin
- Doxorubicin Liposomal
- Echinacea
- Efavirenz; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir
- Elvitegravir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide
- Elvitegravir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
- Empagliflozin; Linagliptin; Metformin
- Empagliflozin; Metformin
- Emtricitabine
- Emtricitabine; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Emtricitabine; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- Emtricitabine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Emtricitabine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- Ertugliflozin; Metformin
- Fluconazole
- Flucytosine
- food
- Foscarnet
- Fosphenytoin
- Ganciclovir
- Glipizide; Metformin
- Glyburide; Metformin
- Indinavir
- Interferon Alfa-2b; Ribavirin
- Interferons
- Isoniazid, INH; Pyrazinamide, PZA; Rifampin
- Isoniazid, INH; Rifampin
- Leflunomide
- Linagliptin; Metformin
- Lopinavir; Ritonavir
- Memantine
- Metformin
- Metformin; Pioglitazone
- Metformin; Repaglinide
- Metformin; Rosiglitazone
- Metformin; Saxagliptin
- Metformin; Sitagliptin
- Methadone
- Nevirapine
- Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Omeprazole; Amoxicillin; Rifabutin
- Orlistat
- Phenytoin
- Probenecid
- Procainamide
- Pyrimethamine
- Pyrimethamine; Sulfadoxine
- Ribavirin
- Rifabutin
- Rifampin
- Rifapentine
- Ritonavir
- Sorbitol
- Stavudine, d4T
- Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim, SMX-TMP, Cotrimoxazole
- Sulfonamides
- Telbivudine
- Teriflunomide
- Tipranavir
- Trimethoprim
- Trospium
- Valganciclovir
- Valproic Acid, Divalproex Sodium
- Voriconazole
