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Lamivudine 3TC Brand Names- Epivir | Epivir HBV
What is Lamivudine 3TC
Lamivudine 3TC is a synthetic nucleoside analog, classified as a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI).
Lamivudine is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Lamivudine is similar in structure to other nucleoside analogs such as zidovudine, zalcitabine, and didanosine.
Although lamivudine is initially effective as monotherapy for HIV infection, resistance develops within 12 weeks; therefore, the optimal use of lamivudine is as part of a 3-drug regimen.
Most lamivudine-treated patients showed a decrease of HBV DNA below the level of detection; however, after an initial response, approximately one-third of patients had reappearance of HBV DNA during lamivudine treatment.
Due to high rates of resistance development in treated patients, initiation of lamivudine treatment should only be considered when the use of an alternative antiviral agent with a higher genetic barrier to resistance is not available or appropriate.
Lamivudine may be used as part of a combination regimen for HBV as the lower dose formulation (Epivir-HBV) in non HIV-infected patients.
Indications
- hepatitis B infection
- hepatitis B virus
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prophylaxis
- perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prophylaxis
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- alopecia
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anemia
- anorexia
- arthralgia
- chills
- cough
- depression
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- dyspepsia
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- fatigue
- fever
- headache
- hepatitis B exacerbation
- hepatomegaly
- hepatotoxicity
- hyperamylasemia
- hyperbilirubinemia
- hyperglycemia
- hypoglycemia
- infection
- insomnia
- jaundice
- lactic acidosis
- lipodystrophy
- lymphadenopathy
- malaise
- muscle cramps
- musculoskeletal pain
- myalgia
- nasal congestion
- nausea
- neutropenia
- otalgia
- pancreatitis
- paresthesias
- peripheral neuropathy
- pruritus
- rash
- rhabdomyolysis
- rhinorrhea
- splenomegaly
- steatosis
- stomatitis
- thrombocytopenia
- urticaria
- vomiting
- weakness
- wheezing
Monitoring Parameters
- blood glucose
- CBC with differential
- CD4+ T cell count
- hepatitis B serology
- LFTs
- plasma hepatitis C RNA
- plasma HIV RNA
- pregnancy testing
- serum bilirubin (total and direct)
- serum cholesterol
- serum creatinine/BUN
- serum lipid profile
- urinalysis
Contraindications
- alcoholism
- autoimmune disease
- breast-feeding
- children
- diabetes mellitus
- females
- geriatric
- Graves’ disease
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- hepatic disease
- hepatitis B and HIV coinfection
- hepatitis B exacerbation
- hepatitis C and HIV coinfection
- hepatotoxicity or lactic acidosis
- HIV serum status
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection resistance
- immune reconstitution syndrome
- infants
- neonates
- obesity
- organ transplant
- pancreatitis
- peripheral neuropathy
- pregnancy
- renal failure
- renal impairment
Interactions
- Adefovir
- Alogliptin; Metformin
- Amiloride
- Amiloride; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Bictegravir; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide
- Bortezomib
- Cabozantinib
- Canagliflozin; Metformin
- Dapagliflozin; Metformin
- Darunavir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Dofetilide
- Donepezil; Memantine
- Echinacea
- Efavirenz; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir
- Elvitegravir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Alafenamide
- Elvitegravir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
- Empagliflozin; Linagliptin; Metformin
- Empagliflozin; Metformin
- Emtricitabine
- Emtricitabine; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Emtricitabine; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- Emtricitabine; Tenofovir alafenamide
- Emtricitabine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- Ertugliflozin; Metformin
- food
- Glipizide; Metformin
- Glyburide; Metformin
- Interferon Alfa-2b; Ribavirin
- Interferons
- Linagliptin; Metformin
- Memantine
- Metformin
- Metformin; Pioglitazone
- Metformin; Repaglinide
- Metformin; Rosiglitazone
- Metformin; Saxagliptin
- Metformin; Sitagliptin
- Orlistat
- Procainamide
- Ribavirin
- Sorbitol
- Trospium
