Glucarpidase Brand Name– VORAXAZE
What is Glucarpidase
Glucarpidase is an intravenous carboxypeptidase enzyme approved to reduce toxic plasma methotrexate concentrations (greater than 1 micromol/L) in adults and pediatric patients with delayed methotrexate clearance (greater than 2 standard deviations of the mean methotrexate excretion curve specific for the dose of methotrexate administered) due to impaired renal function.
The drug is not indicated for use in patients who exhibit the expected clearance of methotrexate or in patients with normal or mildly impaired renal function. The likelihood of achieving a plasma methotrexate concentration of 1 micromol/L or less 15 minutes after glucarpidase receipt and maintained for up to 8 days appears to be correlated with the methotrexate concentration before glucarpidase receipt.
For example, the endpoint was reached in 77% of patients (n = 13) with a baseline methotrexate concentration greater than 1 but less than 50 micromol/L as compared with 0% of patients (n = 9) with a higher baseline plasma concentration.
However, all patients with a baseline methotrexate concentration greater than 50 micromol/L had more than a 95% rapid reduction in methotrexate concentration that was maintained up to 8 days after glucarpidase receipt.
Indications
- methotrexate toxicity
For the treatment of methotrexate toxicity (methotrexate plasma concentration greater than 1 micromole/liter) in patients with delayed methotrexate clearance due to impaired renal function
NOTE: Glucarpidase is not indicated for use in patients who exhibit the expected clearance of methotrexate defined as plasma methotrexate concentrations within 2 standard deviations of the mean methotrexate excretion curve specific for the dose of methotrexate administered.
NOTE: Glucarpidase is not indicated for use in patients with normal or mildly impaired renal function because of the potential risk of subtherapeutic exposure to methotrexate
Side Effects
- anaphylactic shock
- anaphylactoid reactions
- antibody formation
- blurred vision
- diarrhea
- flushing
- flushing
- headache
- hypertension
- hypotension
- infusion-related reactions
- nausea
- paresthesias
- rash
- throat irritation
- tremor
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- pregnancy
Interactions
- Leucovorin
- Levoleucovorin
- Pemetrexed
- Pralatrexate