Crotaline Antivenin Crotalidae Brand Name– Anavip | Antivenin (Crotalidae)
What is Crotaline Antivenin Crotalidae
Crotalidae immune F(ab’)2 (Anavip) is a parenteral antivenin indicated for neutralizing the toxic effects of crotalid snake bites, specifically North American rattlesnakes.
It is prepared by fractionating and purifying specific venom-neutralizing immunoglobulins obtained from the serum of healthy horses immunized against the venoms of Bothrops asper (fer-de-lance) and Crotalus durissus (tropical rattlesnake).
The FDA approved initial dose for all patients consists of 10 vials; however, the total amount of antivenin required is highly variable and dependant on venom burden, potency of the venom, and the time to health care presentation.
Gauge response to therapy and need for repeated dosing on the results of laboratory tests taken at baseline and at regular intervals during treatment.
Following initial control of envenomation, patients must be closely monitored for at least 18 hours in order to identify re-emerging symptoms, immediate hypersensitivity reactions, and the development of delayed serum sickness.
The antivenin received FDA approval for use in adults and pediatric patients in May 2015.
Indications
- crotalid snake bite
For the management of crotalid snake bite (North American rattlesnake envenomation)
NOTE: The total dose of antivenin required is highly variable and depends on: venom burden; potency of the venom; and time to health care presentation.
NOTE: Prior to administration and at regular intervals during therapy, perform laboratory tests (i.e., complete blood count, platelet count, PT, PTT, serum fibrinogen concentration, serum chemistry) to assess response to therapy and need for additional doses
Side Effects
- anxiety
- arthralgia
- chills
- dehydration
- dyspnea
- erythema
- fever
- headache
- hypertension
- insomnia
- myalgia
- nausea
- peripheral edema
- pruritus
- rash
- thrombocytopenia
- urticaria
- vomiting
- wheezing
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC
- fibrinogen
- partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
- platelet count
- prothrombin time (PT)
- serum electrolytes
Contraindications
- breast-feeding
- coagulopathy
- cresol hypersensitivity
- equine protein hypersensitivity
- hepatic disease
- malnutrition
- neoplastic disease
- pregnancy
- viral infection
- vitamin K deficiency
Interactions
There are no drug interactions associated with Crotaline Antivenin, Crotalidae products.