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Betaxolol Brand Names- Betoptic S | Kerlone
What is Betaxolol
Betaxolol is a competitive, beta-1-selective adrenergic antagonist and is available for both systemic and ophthalmic use.
In contrast to pindolol and to both pindolol and propranolol, betaxolol does not have intrinsic sympathomimetic or significant membrane-stabilizing activities, respectively.
Betaxolol is relatively lipid-soluble, albeit less than propranolol. Betaxolol is one of the most potent and selective of the beta-blockers available, with an equimolar potency nine times that of atenolol.
Its selectivity for the beta-1-receptor makes it a preferred agent in patients with bronchospastic pulmonary disease.
The 2007 AHA guidelines for the management of hypertension state beta-blockers should not be used as first-line therapy for the treatment of hypertension, as several comparative clinical trials have shown beta blockers to be inferior to ACE inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, or calcium channel blockers for preventing both stroke and coronary artery disease complications. These guidelines do, however, recommend the use of beta-blockers for the treatment of hypertension in patients with angina, prior myocardial infarction, or heart failure.
Betaxolol was approved by the FDA in August of 1985 for the treatment of hypertension, glaucoma, and increased intraocular pressure. Under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the patents for Betoptic(R) and Kerlone(R) expired in October 1996.
Indications
- glaucoma
- hypertension
- ocular hypertension
Side Effects
- agranulocytosis
- alopecia
- anemia
- angina
- anorexia
- arrhythmia exacerbation
- arthralgia
- AV block
- blurred vision
- bradycardia
- bronchospasm
- chest pain (unspecified)
- constipation
- cough
- depression
- diabetes mellitus
- diaphoresis
- diarrhea
- dizziness
- dyspepsia
- dysphagia
- dyspnea
- edema
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- epiphora
- epistaxis
- erythema
- fatigue
- foreign body sensation
- headache
- heart failure
- hypercholesterolemia
- hyperglycemia
- hyperkalemia
- hypertension
- hypertrichosis
- hypertriglyceridemia
- hyperuricemia
- hypoglycemia
- hypokalemia
- hypotension
- impotence (erectile dysfunction)
- influenza
- insomnia
- keratitis
- lethargy
- leukocytosis
- lymphadenopathy
- musculoskeletal pain
- myalgia
- myocardial infarction
- nausea
- nightmares
- ocular discharge
- ocular inflammation
- ocular irritation
- ocular pain
- ocular pruritus
- palpitations
- paresthesias
- pharyngitis
- photophobia
- pruritus
- psoriasis
- purpura
- rash
- rhinitis
- sinus tachycardia
- sinusitis
- syncope
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombosis
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- tremor
- urticaria
- visual impairment
- vomiting
- wheezing
- withdrawal
- xerophthalmia
- xerostomia
Monitoring Parameters
- blood pressure
- heart rate
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- abrupt discontinuation
- acute bronchospasm
- asthma
- AV block
- bradycardia
- breast-feeding
- bronchitis
- cardiogenic shock
- cerebrovascular disease
- children
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- contact lenses
- depression
- diabetes mellitus
- dialysis
- driving or operating machinery
- emphysema
- geriatric
- heart failure
- hyperthyroidism
- infants
- myasthenia gravis
- neonates
- peripheral vascular disease
- pheochromocytoma
- pregnancy
- psoriasis
- pulmonary disease
- Raynaud’s phenomenon
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- sick sinus syndrome
- surgery
- thyroid disease
- thyrotoxicosis
- vasospastic angina
- ventricular dysfunction
Interactions
- Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Adenosine
- Albiglutide
- Aldesleukin, IL-2
- Alemtuzumab
- Alfentanil
- Alfuzosin
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Alogliptin; Metformin
- Alpha-blockers
- Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors
- Alprostadil
- Amifostine
- Amiodarone
- Amlodipine
- Amlodipine; Atorvastatin
- Amlodipine; Benazepril
- Amlodipine; Celecoxib
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Valsartan
- Amlodipine; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Telmisartan
- Amlodipine; Valsartan
- Amobarbital
- Amyl Nitrite
- Antithyroid agents
- Apomorphine
- Apraclonidine
- Aripiprazole
- Articaine; Epinephrine
- Asenapine
- Aspirin, ASA
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Butalbital; Caffeine; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol
- Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine
- Aspirin, ASA; Citric Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate
- Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole
- Aspirin, ASA; Omeprazole
- Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone
- Aspirin, ASA; Pravastatin
- Atazanavir
- Atazanavir; Cobicistat
- Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine
- Baclofen
- Belladonna Alkaloids; Ergotamine; Phenobarbital
- Beta-agonists
- Bismuth Subsalicylate
- Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline
- Bosentan
- Bretylium
- Brexpiprazole
- Bupivacaine
- Bupivacaine Liposomal
- Bupivacaine; Lidocaine
- Butabarbital
- Cabergoline
- Caffeine; Ergotamine
- Canagliflozin; Metformin
- Carbidopa; Levodopa
- Carbidopa; Levodopa; Entacapone
- Cariprazine
- Ceritinib
- Cevimeline
- Chloroprocaine
- Chlorthalidone; Clonidine
- Choline Salicylate; Magnesium Salicylate
- Clevidipine
- Clonidine
- Clozapine
- Co-Enzyme Q10, Ubiquinone
- Cocaine
- Conivaptan
- Crizotinib
- Dapagliflozin; Metformin
- Dasabuvir; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Desflurane
- Dexmedetomidine
- Dextromethorphan; Quinidine
- Diazoxide
- Digoxin
- Dihydroergotamine
- Diltiazem
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors
- Dipyridamole
- Disopyramide
- Donepezil
- Donepezil; Memantine
- Doxazosin
- Dronedarone
- Dulaglutide
- Duloxetine
- Dutasteride; Tamsulosin
- Empagliflozin; Linagliptin; Metformin
- Empagliflozin; Metformin
- Enalapril; Felodipine
- Encainide
- Enflurane
- Epoprostenol
- Ergonovine
- Ergotamine
- Ertugliflozin; Metformin
- Estradiol
- Estradiol Cypionate; Medroxyprogesterone
- Etomidate
- Exenatide
- Felodipine
- Fingolimod
- Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Dietary Supplements)
- Flecainide
- Fluorescein
- Fluoxetine; Olanzapine
- food
- Fospropofol
- Galantamine
- General anesthetics
- Ginger, Zingiber officinale
- Glipizide; Metformin
- Glucagon
- Glyburide; Metformin
- Guanabenz
- Guanfacine
- Haloperidol
- Halothane
- Hydralazine; Isosorbide Dinitrate, ISDN
- Icosapent ethyl
- Iloperidone
- Iloprost
- Incretin Mimetics
- Insulin Degludec; Liraglutide
- Insulin Glargine; Lixisenatide
- Insulins
- Intravenous Lipid Emulsions
- Isocarboxazid
- Isoflurane
- Isosorbide Dinitrate, ISDN
- Isosorbide Mononitrate
- Isradipine
- Ivabradine
- Ketamine
- Lacosamide
- Lanreotide
- Lasmiditan
- Levobupivacaine
- Levodopa
- Levothyroxine
- Levothyroxine; Liothyronine (Porcine)
- Levothyroxine; Liothyronine (Synthetic)
- Lidocaine
- Linagliptin; Metformin
- Linezolid
- Liothyronine
- Liraglutide
- Lithium
- Lixisenatide
- Lofexidine
- Lopinavir; Ritonavir
- Lovastatin; Niacin
- Lurasidone
- Magnesium Salicylate
- Mefloquine
- Meglitinides
- Mephobarbital
- Mepivacaine
- Mepivacaine; Levonordefrin
- Mestranol; Norethindrone
- Metformin
- Metformin; Pioglitazone
- Metformin; Repaglinide
- Metformin; Rosiglitazone
- Metformin; Saxagliptin
- Metformin; Sitagliptin
- Methacholine
- Methohexital
- Methylergonovine
- Methysergide
- Milrinone
- Nefazodone
- Nesiritide, BNP
- Niacin, Niacinamide
- Niacin; Simvastatin
- Nicardipine
- Nifedipine
- Nimodipine
- Nisoldipine
- Nitrates
- Nitroglycerin
- Nitroprusside
- Non-Ionic Contrast Media
- Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
- Octreotide
- Olanzapine
- Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir
- Oxymetazoline
- Paliperidone
- Pasireotide
- Pentobarbital
- Pentoxifylline
- Perindopril; Amlodipine
- Phenelzine
- Phenobarbital
- Phenoxybenzamine
- Phentolamine
- Pilocarpine
- Pramlintide
- Prazosin
- Prilocaine
- Prilocaine; Epinephrine
- Primidone
- Procainamide
- Procaine
- Propafenone
- Propofol
- Quinidine
- Rasagiline
- Remifentanil
- Reserpine
- Risperidone
- Ritonavir
- Rivastigmine
- Ropivacaine
- Salsalate
- Secobarbital
- Selegiline
- Semaglutide
- Sevoflurane
- SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Silodosin
- Siponimod
- Sotalol
- Succinylcholine
- Sufentanil
- Sulfonylureas
- Sympathomimetics
- Tacrine
- Tamsulosin
- Tasimelteon
- Terazosin
- Tetrabenazine
- Tetracaine
- Thalidomide
- Thiazolidinediones
- Thiopental
- Thiothixene
- Thyroid hormones
- Tizanidine
- Trandolapril; Verapamil
- Tranylcypromine
- Trazodone
- Verapamil
- Yohimbine
- Ziprasidone
