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Aztreonam Brand Names- Azactam | Cayston
What is Aztreonam
Aztreonam is a parenteral synthetic beta-lactam antibiotic and the first monobactam to be marketed.
The spectrum of aztreonam is limited to aerobic gram-negative bacteria; it has no gram-positive or anaerobic activity.
Aztreonam may be used place of an aminoglycoside since it is less nephrotoxic. Clinical uses of aztreonam include bacteremias, skin and soft-tissue infections, urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, and gynecologic infections caused by susceptible organisms.
Aztreonam may also be used for postoperative infections including abscesses infections complicating viscous perforations, cutaneous infections, and infections of serous surfaces.
It is effective against most commonly seen gram-negative aerobic pathogens seen in general surgery.
Aztreonam is not indicated for meningitis.
Aztreonam inhalation therapy was designated an orphan drug for the control of gram-negative bacteria in the respiratory tract in cystic fibrosis patients in March 2002 and for the improvement of respiratory symptoms in patients with bronchiectasis and gram-negative bacteria in the airways in May 2009.
The FDA first approved aztreonam injection in December 1986. In February 2010, aztreonam for inhalation received FDA approval for improvement of respiratory symptoms in cystic fibrosis patients >= 7 years old with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Indications
- Aeromonas hydrophila
- bacteremia
- bronchitis
- burn wound infection
- Citrobacter freundii
- Citrobacter sp.
- community-acquired pneumonia
- cystic fibrosis
- cystitis
- diabetic foot ulcer
- endometritis
- Enterobacter cloacae
- Enterobacter sp.
- Escherichia coli
- febrile neutropenia
- gynecologic infections
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative)
- Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive)
- intraabdominal infections
- Klebsiella oxytoca
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- lower respiratory tract infections
- Morganella morganii
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Neisseria meningitidis
- nosocomial pneumonia
- Pasteurella multocida
- pelvic cellulitis
- peritonitis
- pneumonia
- Proteus mirabilis
- Proteus vulgaris
- Providencia rettgeri
- Providencia sp.
- Providencia stuartii
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Pseudomonas sp.
- pyelonephritis
- Serratia marcescens
- Serratia sp.
- Shigella sp.
- skin and skin structure infections
- surgical infection prophylaxis
- urinary tract infection (UTI)
- Yersinia enterocolitica
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anemia
- angioedema
- arthralgia
- bronchospasm
- candidiasis
- chest pain (unspecified)
- confusion
- cough
- diaphoresis
- diarrhea
- diplopia
- dizziness
- dysgeusia
- dyspnea
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- encephalopathy
- eosinophilia
- erythema
- erythema multiforme
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fever
- flushing
- GI bleeding
- halitosis
- headache
- hepatitis
- hypotension
- injection site reaction
- insomnia
- jaundice
- leukocytosis
- malaise
- nasal congestion
- nausea
- neutropenia
- oral ulceration
- pancytopenia
- paresthesias
- petechiae
- phlebitis
- premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
- pseudomembranous colitis
- purpura
- rash
- seizures
- sneezing
- superinfection
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombocytosis
- tinnitus
- toxic epidermal necrolysis
- urticaria
- vaginitis
- vertigo
- vomiting
- weakness
- wheezing
Monitoring Parameters
- LFTs
- serum creatinine/BUN
Contraindications
- acute bronchospasm
- breast-feeding
- carbapenem hypersensitivity
- cephalosporin hypersensitivity
- children
- colitis
- diarrhea
- geriatric
- GI disease
- infants
- inflammatory bowel disease
- neonates
- penicillin hypersensitivity
- pregnancy
- pseudomembranous colitis
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- ulcerative colitis
- viral infection
Interactions
- Oral Contraceptives
- Sodium picosulfate; Magnesium oxide; Anhydrous citric acid
- Warfarin
