Azacitidine Brand Name– Vidaza
What is Azacitidine
Azacitidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog that inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis.
It is indicated for the treatment of patients with the following myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes: refractory anemia or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
Azacitidine was approved by the FDA in 2004.
Indications
- acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
- chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
- myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
For the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
NOTE: Azacitidine has been designated an orphan drug for this indication.
for the treatment of MDS subtypes of refractory anemia or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Side Effects
- abdominal pain
- abdominal pain
- agranulocytosis
- anaphylactic shock
- anemia
- anemia
- anorexia
- anxiety
- arthralgia
- atrial fibrillation
- bleeding
- bone pain
- cardiac arrest
- cardiomyopathy
- chest pain (unspecified)
- cholecystitis
- coma
- constipation
- constipation
- dehydration
- diarrhea
- differentiation syndrome
- dizziness
- dyspepsia
- dyspnea
- dyspnea
- ecchymosis
- erythema
- fatigue
- fatigue
- fever
- fever
- GI bleeding
- headache
- heart failure
- hematoma
- hematuria
- hematuria
- hemoptysis
- hypertension
- hypertension
- hypokalemia
- hypokalemia
- hypotension
- infection
- infection
- injection site reaction
- insomnia
- intracranial bleeding
- lethargy
- leukopenia
- leukopenia
- malaise
- melena
- myalgia
- nausea
- nausea
- necrotizing fasciitis
- neutropenia
- neutropenia
- new primary malignancy
- ocular hemorrhage
- orthostatic hypotension
- pancytopenia
- petechiae
- petechiae
- pharyngitis
- pneumonitis
- pruritus
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- renal tubular acidosis (RTA)
- respiratory arrest
- seizures
- skin necrosis
- splenomegaly
- stomatitis
- thrombocytopenia
- thrombocytopenia
- tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
- urticaria
- vomiting
- weakness
- weight loss
- weight loss
- xerosis
Monitoring Parameters
- CBC with differential
- LFTs
- pregnancy testing
- serum bicarbonate
- serum creatinine/BUN
- serum electrolytes
- serum uric acid
Contraindications
- bone marrow suppression
- breast-feeding
- contraception requirements
- geriatric
- hepatic disease
- hepatotoxicity
- hypoalbuminemia
- infertility
- male-mediated teratogenicity
- mannitol hypersensitivity
- neutropenia
- pregnancy
- pregnancy testing
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- reproductive risk
- thrombocytopenia
- tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
Interactions
- Palifermin
- Penicillamine
- Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative, PPD
