Anthrax Vaccine Brand Name– Biothrax
What is Anthrax Vaccine
Human anthrax vaccine (anthrax vaccine adsorbed, Biothrax) is a noninfectious vaccine developed from an avirulent, nonencapsulated strain of Bacillus anthracis.
The protective component of the vaccine is adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide. Anthrax vaccine, adsorbed contains no whole bacteria, dead or alive, and it is impossible to contract the disease from the vaccine.
The precursor to anthrax vaccine, adsorbed was developed from a different strain of anthrax and was found to be 92.5% protective towards cutaneous anthrax in humans.
Inhalation anthrax occurs too infrequently to assess the protective effect; a review of the Center for Disease Control data for the period 1962 to 1974 in at-risk industrial settings indicated that no inhalational cases occurred in fully immunized workers.
The vaccine has been shown to be protective against pulmonary challenge in Rhesus monkeys using a limited number of B. anthracis strains.
Anthrax vaccine is indicated for the active immunization for the prevention of disease caused by Bacillus anthracis in adults at high risk of exposure. Routine immunization of the general public is not recommended.
It is also approved for post-exposure prophylaxis after suspected or confirmed Bacillus anthracis exposure, when administered in conjunction with recommended antibacterial drugs.
Anthrax vaccine, adsorbed was initially approved in the United States in 1970.
Indications
- anthrax prophylaxis
Side Effects
- anaphylactoid reactions
- anorexia
- arthralgia
- chills
- dizziness
- dyspnea
- edema
- erythema
- fatigue
- fever
- headache
- injection site reaction
- malaise
- myalgia
- nausea
- pruritus
- rash
- urticaria
- vomiting
Monitoring Parameters
- laboratory monitoring not necessary
Contraindications
- acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- anticoagulant therapy
- breast-feeding
- chemotherapy
- coagulopathy
- corticosteroid therapy
- fever
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- hemophilia
- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- hypogammaglobulinemia
- immunosuppression
- infection
- intramuscular injections
- intravenous administration
- latex hypersensitivity
- leukemia
- lymphoma
- pregnancy
- radiation therapy
- subcutaneous administration
- thrombocytopenia
- vitamin K deficiency
Interactions
- Ocrelizumab
- Siponimod
