Alogliptin and Pioglitazone Brand Name– Oseni
What is Alogliptin and Pioglitazone
Alogliptin and pioglitazone is a combination product containing 2 oral antidiabetic agents.
Alogliptin is a dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione (TZD) antidiabetic agent.
The combination is used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Alogliptin; pioglitazone lowers hemoglobin A1C by an estimated 0.4% to 0.9% over monotherapy with either agent alone based on clinical trials.
Metformin is first-line in the treatment of type 2 DM. In patients with established cardiovascular (CV) disease, heart failure (HF), or chronic kidney disease (CKD), a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) with proven CV benefit and reduction of CKD progression is recommended for add-on therapy, independent of baseline A1C or individualized A1C target.
In patients without indicators of high-risk or established CVD, HF, or CKD, DPP-4 inhibitors are a therapeutic option which are generally well tolerated, have a neutral effect on weight, and have minimal risk of hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy.
TZDs, like pioglitazone, are associated with glycemic durability; however, the benefits must be balanced with the risk of adverse effects such as heart failure, edema, decreased bone mineral density, and weight gain.
Indications
- type 2 diabetes mellitus
For the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with diet and exercise
Side Effects
- anaphylactoid reactions
- angioedema
- arthralgia
- back pain
- blurred vision
- bone fractures
- bullous rash
- dyspnea
- edema
- elevated hepatic enzymes
- fluid retention
- headache
- heart failure
- hepatic failure
- hypoglycemia
- infection
- influenza
- macular edema
- menstrual irregularity
- myalgia
- new primary malignancy
- osteopenia
- pancreatitis
- pemphigus
- peripheral edema
- pharyngitis
- rash
- renal failure (unspecified)
- rhabdomyolysis
- serum sickness
- sinusitis
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- urticaria
- visual impairment
- weight gain
Monitoring Parameters
- blood glucose
- glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- LFTs
- serum bilirubin
- serum creatinine/BUN
- weight
Contraindications
- acute heart failure
- anemia
- arthralgia
- bladder cancer
- bone fractures
- breast-feeding
- burns
- cardiac disease
- children
- contraception requirements
- diabetic ketoacidosis
- edema
- exfoliative dermatitis
- fever
- geriatric
- heart failure
- hepatic disease
- history of angioedema
- hypoglycemia
- infection
- menstrual irregularity
- new primary malignancy
- osteoporosis
- pancreatitis
- peripheral edema
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- pregnancy
- pulmonary edema
- renal disease
- renal failure
- renal impairment
- serious rash
- surgery
- trauma
- type 1 diabetes mellitus
Interactions
- Abiraterone
- Acebutolol
- Acetaminophen; Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Magnesium Salicylate; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Phenyltoloxamine; Salicylamide
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Chlorpheniramine; Phenylephrine; Phenyltoloxamine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetaminophen; Dichloralphenazone; Isometheptene
- Acetaminophen; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine
- Acetaminophen; Propoxyphene
- Acetaminophen; Pseudoephedrine
- Acetazolamide
- Acrivastine; Pseudoephedrine
- Aliskiren; Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aliskiren; Valsartan
- Amiloride; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ
- Aminosalicylate sodium, Aminosalicylic acid
- Amlodipine; Atorvastatin
- Amlodipine; Benazepril
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ; Valsartan
- Amlodipine; Olmesartan
- Amlodipine; Telmisartan
- Amlodipine; Valsartan
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