How is depression distinguished from apathy dementia delirium?
Apathy (indifference or lack of concern) is not depression (a persistently low mood) but may be a feature of depression.
Depression is often comorbid with dementia and may itself cause cognitive problems (“pseudodementia”), but again a persistently low mood is not characteristic of dementia.
Hypoactive delirium can be distinguished from depression by its (typically) acute onset, fluctuating course, and impaired environmental awareness.