When is musculoskeletal Ultrasound not utilized? Musculoskeletal US is significantly limited for the evaluation of internal joint derangement and is not used as the sole modality to evaluate for deep ligamentous injury (e.g., the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments), labral pathology, cartilage injury, and meniscal injury. US is also not utilized to evaluate bone tumors …
What are the common indications for musculoskeletal Ultrasound? Musculoskeletal US may be used for a wide range of indications. Some of the most common indications include evaluation for tendon pathology in the rotator cuff, quadriceps, patellar, Achilles, and elbow common flexor/extensor tendons. It is also commonly used to assess for ligamentous injury in the anterior …
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What are some benefits of ultrasound for musculoskeletal applications? There are multiple benefits and unique advantages that US offers in musculoskeletal imaging. US does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, which is especially attractive when imaging pediatric and pregnant patients, and there are no absolute contraindications to diagnostic US. In addition, US has a …
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Is it possible to differentiate AMLs and RCCs sonographically? AMLs are benign renal neoplasms composed of varying amounts of fat, smooth muscle, and blood vessels. An AML is typically hyperechoic compared to the renal parenchyma on US. However, this hyperechoic appearance is not completely diagnostic for an AML, because small (<3 cm) RCCs may also be …
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What is the significance of increased renal echogenicity on Ultrasound? Solid organs, such as the liver and spleen, have intermediate echogenicity, and the kidney parenchyma, consisting of the cortex and medulla, is normally isoechoic (equal in brightness) or hypoechoic (darker) compared with the normal liver or normal spleen. Increased renal echogenicity on ultrasound refers to …
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Diseases associated with renal cysts and their extrarenal manifestations • Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder resulting in enlarged kidneys with multiple cysts of variable size and echogenicity. Cysts are also seen in multiple additional organs including the liver and pancreas. In addition, there is also an association with cerebral berry aneurysms, …
Appearances of renal cysts detected sonographically Renal cysts are extremely common and are typically incidental. Simple cysts are round or ovoid with anechoic fluid contents, well-demarcated back walls, and posterior acoustic enhancement. Simple cysts do not need any further follow-up. Minimally complicated cysts with a few thin internal septations, small peripheral thin calcification, or internal …
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