What is dual time point PET, and what is its potential utility? DTP PET is a scanning technique that involves acquisition of two sets of PET images (at early and delayed time points) after intravenous FDG administration. In general, malignant lesions tend to have increasing levels of glucose (and FDG) uptake over time, whereas nonmalignant …
What instructions do patients need to prepare for FDG PET imaging? The most important issue regarding an FDG PET scan is that FDG competes with nonradioactive glucose. If a patient has recently eaten or has diabetes mellitus with a serum glucose level >150 mg/dl, the sensitivity of the scan to detect malignancy may be diminished. Typically, …
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When should conscious sedation be used or considered when planning a musculoskeletal intervention? Conscious sedation refers to the administration of medications, resulting in minimally depressed consciousness such that a patient is able to maintain an airway and respond to commands. This is normally accomplished by the intravenous administration of an analgesic (e.g., fentanyl) and an …
What is the most important principle of Ultrasound guided soft tissue biopsy? The most important principle when performing a US-guided biopsy of a soft tissue mass is to target the solid portion of the lesion. The solid portion of the lesion is the most high-yield for providing the pathologist with enough abnormal tissue to allow …
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How should a CT guided bone biopsy be planned? Biopsy of a suspected metastasis entails different considerations than that of a primary bone tumor. In the case of a suspected metastasis, the lesion most amenable to biopsy with the lowest risk of complications is preferred because seeding the biopsy track is of lesser concern. The …
What is a CT guided bone biopsy? CT is the preferred modality to perform image-guided percutaneous bone biopsies. CT allows for excellent visualization of both the biopsy needle and the osseous lesions. An initial series of images obtained at the level of the lesion are used to plan and guide the needle approach to the …
What are some complications of vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty? In a recent series, one group described a complication rate of 6%. These complications included progression of vertebral compression fracture; leakage of cement from the vertebral body into the intervertebral disc or paravertebral veins; and nerve root compression during cannula insertion.