Where is the best site to obtain intravenous access?
The easiest and most direct access is the umbilical cord. Any medication, as well as volume expanders, can be given through the umbilical vein. Note that it is not recommended to administer resuscitative drugs via the umbilical artery. Peripheral veins in the extremities and the scalp can also be used but generally require more skill. Intraosseous lines can be used when no other access can be obtained. Drugs can also be given via the endotracheal tube. The preferred route of administration of epinephrine is intravenous. Sodium bicarbonate cannot be administered via the endotracheal tube.
